Topic 3 Sensory reception Flashcards
sensation occurs when
neural impulses generated by the stimulation of sensory receptors arrive at cerebral cortex
Sensory adaptation is
the brain filtering out redundant (not important) sensory info to prevent overstimulation
happens w things that r constantly repeated too
sensory receptors
photoreceptors, chemoreceptors, mechanoreceptors and thermoreceptors
photoreceptors are stimulated by what w what
stimulated by light by eye receptors
chemoreceptors are stimulated by what with what receptors
stimulated by chemicals by nose or tongue receptors
Mechanoreceptors are stimulated by what and with what
stimulated by pressure taken in ear receptors
Thermoreceptors are stimulated by what n where
stimulated by heat and cold by skin receptors
vision is associated w stimulation of ____
where r they n stimulated by what
photoreceptors, at back of the eye by light energy
the eye is made of _ layers n they are
3, Sclera, Choroid and Retina
The first layer of the eye is the
Sclera, tough outer layer
The sclera includes the ___ which is/dose what
Cornea : the front protective transparent layer of the sclera where light is bent (refracted) to fovea centralis
Astigmatism is the
unequal curvature of tge cornea
the middle layer of the eye is the ____
Choroid
the choroid has/is what
has blood vessels to nourish the eye and is dark in colour to absorb the light
the iris: pigmented muscle controlling amnt of light entering
ciliary body: muscle atteched to lens for focusing
Ciliary body is
a muscle attached to the lens for focusing
iris is a
pigmented muscle controlling the amount of light entering the eye
the middle layer of eye is the ___ and made up of
Choroid, has iris and ciliary body
the third/inner layer is the
Retina
the retina is made up of
ganglion layer, photoreceptor layer, rods and cones located in periphery
ganglion layer is
one that forms optic nerve that exits back of eye (blind spot)
located in retina
photoreceptor layer is
one w rods and cones
the rods are
located on periphery in photoreceptor layer and for night vision
the cones are
concentrated near centre of photoreceptor layer have the fovea centralis w most accurate and colour vision
Pupil is
opening in front of eye, not structure just a hole
Adaptation is
the pupil dilating and constricting
The lens is
behind pupil, focusing light on retina
accomodation is
lens changing shape based on if objects are near or far to see tgem better
aqueous humour is
the liquid clear thing infront of cornea maintaining its shape
Vitreous humour is
liquid in eyeball maintaining its shape
the blind spot is the
optic disc
you want the most light
in the fovea centralis where there are the most cones
the optic nerve and optic disc
takes the message to the brain and is the blind spot w no rods or cones
vision pathway
cornea>pupil>lens>photoreceptors>retina>occipital lobe via optic nerve
Myopia is
nearsightedness, inability to see objects at a distance
eyeball is elongated so focused light falls in front of retina
Hyperopia is
farsightedness, inability to see close objects
eyeball is shortend so focused light falls behind the retina
colourblindness is
a generic condition affecting the cones caused by the lack of specific cones or colour receptors
Pinna is the
squishy outer ear part that direct sound waves to auditory canal
tympanic membrane or tympanum is the
ear drum, where sound waves strike and vibrations are passed on
Outer ear includes
the pinna and ear/auditory canal
Middle ear includes
ear drum or tympanic membrane and 3 ossicles/bones; stapes incus and malleus
the ossicles are
the 3 bones in middle ear
the inner ear includes
cochlear, semicircular canals , vestibular nerve, facial nerve, auditory nerve and organ of corti
Organ of corti is
organ in inner ear within cochlea where sound is tuned to action potential after hairs inside are stimulated by pressure change in ear
cochlear is
the shell looking thing in ear containing organ of cori and hairs generating action potential to be sent to temporal lobe
structures of ear not associated w hearing are
semicircular canals and eustachean tube
Semicircular canals are
part of brain filled w fluid where pressure change causes waves to maintain balance
the eustachean tube is
one connecting eats with throat allowing air pressure to equalize
chemoreceptors for taste are
on the tongue and send impulses to parietal lobe
chemoreceptors for smell are
in the nasal cavity known as olfactory cells and transmit signals to olfaction bulb in the brain
proprioception is
perception of movement and body position in space(muscles)
mechanoreceptors are
associated w hearing with fluctuations in air pressure (sound waves) , they convert energy of sound into electrochemical impedance to brain and balance through converting the energy of liquid movement into electrochemical impulses
