Topic 2 Central and Peripheral Nervous system Flashcards
The CNS includes
central nervous system which is just brain and spinal cord
The forebrain is
also known as Cerebral cortex or cerebrum
- largest part of the brain
-divided into left and right hemisphere further categorized into 4 main lobes
Cerebrum is responsible for
sensing, thinking, learning, emotions, consciousness and voluntary movement
Hypothalamus is responsible for
regulating homeostasis
( hunger, thirst, temperature control)
Pituitary gland is responsible for
regulating hormone releases
cortex means
outside
Pons are responsible for
being involved in sleep and arousal
Medulla oblongata is responsible for
regulating unconscious thoughts
(breathing and circulation)
The spinal cord is responsible for
transmitting information between the brain and body
the reticular formation is responsible for
being a group of fibres that carries info to the pons
The cerebellum is responsible for
coordinating balance and fine muscle movement
Corpus Callosum is responsible for
being group of fibres which connects L and R hemisphere and being thinking box
Tge cerebrum is responsible for
sensing ,thinking ,learning , consciousness, emotions and voluntary movement
Left hemisphere of brain is
analytical and concrete
Right hemisphere of the brain is
creative and abstract
Frontal lobe is
conscious thoughts
intelligence, memory and personality
voluntary muscle movements
Parietal lobe
somatosensory functions
touch,taste
process info abt body position
Temporal lobe
auditory receptors (hearing)
Wernick’s area ( language comprehension)
Occipital lobe
Vision interpretation by processing visual information
Broca’s aphasia
happens from brain damage which leads to language impairments
patients are unable to to produce fluent speech but can understand what others are saying
Wernick’s aphasia
patient can produce fluent speech but do cant put that understatement into speech
PNS
Peripheral Nervous System, nerves that link CNS to rest of body including sensory organs muscles glands and internal organs
PNS two main divisions are
somatic system and autonomic system
aThe somatic system is
voluntary control
carries info from sensory receptors to skeletal muscle
The autonomic system is
the involuntary control, maintaining homeostasis (breathing heart rate)
Subdivisions of autonomic system are
sympathetic and parasympathetic
stress(fight or flight) and rest and digest basically
sympathetic division of autonomic system is activated
during stressful situations
release of epinephrine and norepinephrine
parasympathetic subdivision of autonomic system is actived
when body is calm and at rest
releases acetylcholine
what happens w organs during sympathetic subdivision of autonomic system is activated
heart
digestive tract
liver
eyes
bladder
skin
respiratory system
increased heart rate
decreased peristalsis (swallowing)
increased glucose release (for energy use)
dilated pupils
inhibits urination
decreased blood flow to skin>goes to muscles
dilates bronchioles (to take in air)
What happens w organs duribg activated parasympathetic system
heart
digestive tract
liver
eyes
bladder
skin
respiratory tract
decreased heart rate
increased peristalsis; swallowing
stores glucose (dont need energy)
constricts pupils
promotes urination
increases blood flow
constricts bronchioles
