Topic 3 - 2

Question 1

evolution

Answer 1

Latin for “to unfold or unroll” to reveal
- to simply change
- change in everything*

Question 2

Decent with modification is….

Answer 2

Darwins definition of evolution

Question 3

What are the two major themes of evolution?

Answer 3

process and history

Question 4

What is the theme of process?

Answer 4

microevolution

Question 5

define microevolution

Answer 5

• how the process occurs
• evolutionary changes on a small scale - change in allele frequency within a population
• evolution happening right now!

Question 6

What is the theme of history?

Answer 6

macroevolution

Question 7

define macroevolution

Answer 7

• process created history with many unique events
• evolution on the grand scale - refers to above species level

Question 8

modern synthesis says

Answer 8

microevolution explains macroevolution

Question 9

What is modern synthesis?

Answer 9

• a movement that married evolution and natural selection to genetics systematics and paleontology

Question 10

define genetics

Answer 10

the study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring

Question 11

define genotype

Answer 11

combination of genes an organism has

Question 12

define phenotype

Answer 12

the physical appearance and characteristics

Question 13

define locus

Answer 13

site on a chromosome

Question 14

define allele

Answer 14

a particular form of a gene

Question 15

particulate theory

Answer 15

• darwin did not have
• traits can be passed on from generation to generation through discrete particles
• after mendles work
• change in allele frequency

Question 16

define dominant

Answer 16

always expressed

Question 17

define recessive

Answer 17

masked by dominant unless both present

Question 18

define frequency

Answer 18

rate at which something happens
- always a decimal - adds to 1
- not a percent

Question 19

gametes are

Answer 19

haploids

Question 20

gene pool

Answer 20

total # of genes within a population

Question 21

Allele frequency

Answer 21

of copies of an allele / total # of all alleles of that gene in a pop

Question 22

Hardy Weinberg equilibrium is the basis of

Answer 22

population genetics

Question 23

h-w was formulated in

Answer 23

1908

Question 24

h-w relates

Answer 24

allele and genotype frequencies in a pop

Question 25

h-w is called an equilibrium b/c

Answer 25

allele and genotype frequencies do not change over the course of many generations

Question 26

h-w describes…

Answer 26

• a non-evolving pop

Question 27

what are the conditions for h-w

Answer 27

-No mutation
- Random mating
- no natural selection
- extremely large population
- no gene flow - closed
* if any of these are violated the population will evolve - which means that no h-w is working

Question 28

define mutation

Answer 28

genetic changes in populations and species begin with changes in genetic material carried by individuals
- to change
- necessary for evolution

Question 29

define genetic drift

Answer 29

random changes in allele frequency between generations
- simply by chance

Question 30

define gene flow

Answer 30

changes in allele frequency due to movement of alleles between populations
- migration