Tongue

Question 1

the muscles between which the inferior longitudinal muscles are located

Answer 1

between hyoglossus(laterally) and genioglossus(medially)

Question 2

intrinsic muscles that shorten the tongue

Answer 2

inferior and superior longitudinal muscles `

Question 3

Safety muscle of tongue

Answer 3

Genioglossus

Question 4

Function of genioglossus

Answer 4

Protrude tongue

Question 5

Name two branches from the external carotid artery that supply the tongue

Answer 5

Ascending pharyngeal

Lingual

Question 6

Nerve that supplies special sensation to the anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Answer 6

Chorda tympani

Question 7

Nerve supplying general sensation to anterior 2/3rds of tongue

Answer 7

Lingual nerve

Question 8

Nerve supplying special sensation to posterior 1/3rd of tongue

Answer 8

Internal laryngeal nerve

Question 9

Nerve supplying general sensation to posterior 1/3rds of tongue

Answer 9

Glossopharyngeal

Question 10

Structure separating tongue from teeth

Answer 10

alveololingual sulcus

Question 11

Tongue root attaches to which structures

Answer 11

mandible

hyoid

Question 12

True or false: pharyngeal part of tongue has circumvallate papillae

Answer 12

False: Pharyngeal part of tongue has no papillae

Question 13

The tonsil found in the pharyngeal part of tongue

Answer 13

lingual tonsil

Question 14

Significance of glossoepiglotic folds

Answer 14

There is one median one and two lateral ones and in between them there are epiglottic valeculla which act as spit traps to temporarily hold saliva to prevent constant swallowing reflex

Question 15

Embryologic origins of the tongue

Answer 15

Anterior 2/3rds (oral part) - from the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal arches
Posterior 1/3rd (Pharyngeal part) from the the 3rd and 4th pharyngeal arches

Question 16

Structure connecting tongue to floor of mouth

Answer 16

frenulum linguae

Question 17

Relation of deep lingual veins to the ligual nerve and artery

Answer 17

They lie lateral to them

Question 18

the papillae are projections of which layer of epithelium

Answer 18

lamina propria

Question 19

Name the papillae, any unique characteristics, and locations on the tongue

Answer 19

Filiform - most abundant, give tongue velvety appearance, found on dorsal surface

Fungiform - found at tip and margins of tongue, not so abundant

Foliate - found on posterior aspect of tongue on sides

Vallate - largest, found along sulcus terminalis

Question 20

Most common site of tongue carcinomas

Answer 20

Anterior 2/3rds

Question 21

Outline blood supply to tongue

Answer 21

Supplied by lingual artery, ascending pharyngeal artery, and tonsillar artery
Lingual artery gives off deep branch (to anterior part of tongue) and dorsal branch (to posterior part of tongue) and is the major supplier

Question 22

Point at which lingual vein is formed

Answer 22

posterior border of hyoglossus

Question 23

Veins that form lingual vein

Answer 23

deep lingual vein
venae comitantes of lingual artery
dorsal lingual veins

Question 24

Lingual vein drains into the

Answer 24

common facial vein or internal jugular vein

Question 25

Enumerate lymphatic drainage of tongue

Answer 25

*MNEMONIC: Apparently, Cereal Malt is Baked.

Apical vessels drain tip and inferior surface of tongue
–> juguloomohyoid lymph nodes + submandibular nodes

Central vessels drain central tongue on anterior dorsal surface –> deep cervical nodes

Marginal vessels drain sides of anterior tongue except tip –> submandibular nodes, jugulo-omohyoid nodes, Lower deep cervical nodes

Basal vessels drain posterior 1/3rd of tongue –>upper deep cervical nodes + jugulodigastric nodes

Question 26

Major lymph nodes of the tongue

Answer 26

jugulo-digastric nodes

Question 27

Embryological significance of foramen cecum

Answer 27

marks development site of thyroglossal duct at the end of which lies the thyroid gland