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a&p > Tissues Test > Flashcards

Tissues Test Flashcards

1
Q

Collections of cells and extracellular materials that perform specific functions.

A

Tissue

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2
Q

Epithelial tissues

A
  • Found throughout body, covers all body surfaces both inside and outside
  • main glandular tissue (secretion)
    -Usually are avascular- (no blood supply)
  • cells reproduce quickly - diffusion of nutrients/ rapid healing
  • Cells tightly packed together
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3
Q

Functions of epithelial tissue

A

Protect, secrete, absorb, excrete, sensory perception

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4
Q

Parencyma

A

Tissue that PERFORMS the epithelial organs function

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5
Q

Stroma

A

Tissue that SUPPORTS the organs function

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6
Q

Lumen

A

Outside of cell network, typically exposed to the world around them! The light!

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7
Q

Basement membrane

A

Thin, fibrous, extracellular matrix of tissue that separates the lining of an internal and external body surface from underlying connective tissue

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8
Q

Flat

A

Squamous

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9
Q

Square

A

Cuboidal

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10
Q

Rectangular

A

Columnar

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11
Q

Single

A

Simple

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12
Q

Multiple

A

Stratified

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13
Q

Simple squamous

A

Single layer (simple) of thin flattened cells (squamous)

Function: diffusion and filtration

Found: air sacs of the lungs, walls of capillaries.

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14
Q

Simple columnar

A

Single layered, cube shape cells

Function: secretion and absorption

Found: Lining of kidney tubules, ducts/glands, covering surface of ovaries

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15
Q

Simple columnar

A

Single layer, elongated cells with their nuclei in the same position (usually near basement membrane)

Function: secretion and absorption ; slower

Found: lining of the digestive tract and uterus

Goblet cells functioning in the secretion of MUCUS

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16
Q

Microvilla

A

Tiny finger like processes from their free surface… Increase surface for absorption

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17
Q

cilia

A

Help w movement of particles

18
Q

Stratified squamous

A

Multi layer, squamous cells.

Functions: protection!

Found: lining body cavities like skin, mouth, anus, and vagina

19
Q

Pseudostratified columnar

A

Appear “stratified” but really a single layer with uneven nuclei giving the appearance of layered cells.

Usually ciliated, contains goblet cells!

Function: secretion and cilia-aided movement

Location: lining air passages and tubes of the reproductive system

20
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

Thick layered cuboidal cells.

Contract and stretch to form a barrier to block diffusion (no leaking) and block infection

Found: lining of urinary bladder and genital tract
Move from one shape to another!

21
Q

Connective tissue

A

Most abundant tissue in the body, found throughout every system
-binds structures together
-provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection, and helps repair tissue!
-composed of more scattered cells w abundant intracellular and extracellular material (building material)
-made up of ground substances
-most has a good blood supply
-cells reproduce over various time frames (quick to basically never)

22
Q

3 Common types of cells

A

Mast Cells; prevents blood clots; promotes inflammation

Macrophages (phagocytic) SCAVENGERS white blood cell EAT things

Fibroblasts (most abundant, produce protein fibers) Creates fibers

23
Q

Collagenous fibers

A

Found in high amounts of collagen… major STRUCTURAL protein in the body, thick, made of protein collagen, appear long parrellel bundles. STRONG not very elasti, also known as white fibers (Large part of bones, tendons, and ligaments) -holds together!

24
Q

Elastic fibers

A

Microfibrils in protein elastin, yellow fibers. Not as strong but very FLEXIBLE! (Vocal cords and ear drums)

25
Q

Loose connective tissue or AREOLAR tissue

A

Binds skin to organs, organs to organs, space between muscles, throughout body
GREATEST QUANTITY

26
Q

Adipose tissue

A

FAT… beneath skin, around kidneys and eyeballs, abdominal membranes
Function: PROTECT, INSULATION to preserve heat, cells are called adipocytes

27
Q

Fibrous

A

Dense and closely packed, thick collagenous fibers and fine network of elastic fibers

28
Q

Tendons

A

Connect muscles to bones

29
Q

Ligaments

A

Connect bones to bones

30
Q

Hyaline Cartilage

A

Very fine white fibers. Most common type of cartilage-covers the ends of bones and joints, nose, respiratory passages. Model for bone growth

31
Q

Elastic cartilage

A

More flexible and elastic, external ear and larynx (vocal cords) BENDS

32
Q

Fibro cartilage

A

Very dense, large numerous collagenous fibers. Can withstand lots of pressure
Location: intervertebral and menisci

33
Q

Bone Tissue

A

Osseous tissue… rigid due to salt mineralization
Layers- lamellae, Haversian canals, osteocytes

34
Q

Blood tissue

A

Circulates throughout the body, transportation of nutrients and waste

35
Q

Reticuloendothelial

A

Immune phagocytes — destruction of large quantities of toxins and other particles
Location: spleen and lymph nodes like tonsils
+Garbage disposal; eats things that aren’t supposed to be there

36
Q

Muscle tissue… skeletal (bones)

A

Voluntary- attached to bone striated (muscle filaments overlap)
Looks like meat

37
Q

Muscle tissue…. Smooth Muscle

A

Involuntary movement— Cannot control
Hollow organs… gastrointestinal tract, stomach, urinary tract, and uterus

38
Q

Muscle tissue… cardiac muscle

A

Wall of the heart
Intercalated disc- allows electrochemical impulses to be conveyed

39
Q

Nervous tissue

A

Found in brain, spinal cord, nerves

40
Q

Neurons

A

Transmit signals, electrochemical signals

41
Q

Neuroglia (glial)

A

Protection, support, help w immunity
Support cells

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