skel Flashcards
osteoblasts
bone forming cells
secretes calcified substances that becomes spongy bone
osteocytes
mature bone cells (bone maintenance)
osteoclasts
breakdown bone- remodeling, growth and repair
we need to rebuild and reshape to release calcium.
osteoid
bone matrix
Start
osteogenesis
bone growth without calcium
ossification
makes bone stronger with calcium
Harden
intramembranous ossification
bone develops from fibrous membrane
starts in fibrous ct membrane then osteoid is secreted without fibrous membrane then bone and periosteum form then compact bone and red marrow appears
endochondral ossification
bone forms by replacing hyaline cartilage. breaks down cartilage to replace w bone.
hormone regulation
as a baby and child the growth plate (epiphyseal plate) is stimulated by human growth hormone.
body need vitamin d for
absorbing calcium
our body needs to breakdown bone calcium so if we can’t get it back then our bones will be weak or we will have no new bones
calcium is necessary for
-muscle contraction
-transmission of nerve impulses
-blood coagulation
-secretion by glands and nerve cells
-cell division/cell membrane protein anchoring
-bone growth/strength
perichondrium
surrounds the skeletal cartilage and resists outward expansion
appositional growth
growth from perichondrium (outside wall) in towards the middle
interstitial growth
cartilage cells divide and grow within matrix and expand from middle
(within matrix and then go towards the outside)
calcification
adding calcium yields bone
solidification
