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A&P > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 major types of tissue?

A

epithelial, connective, muscle, nervous

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2
Q

What does epithelial tissue cover?

A

all body surfaces inside & out

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3
Q

What is epithelial tissue connected to?

A

underlying connective tissue at the basement membrane

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4
Q

How much of your body weight does skin account for?

A

15%

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5
Q

What are the functions of epithelial tissue?

A

protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, senses

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6
Q

How is epithelial tissue categorized?

A

based on the shape of the cells and their layers

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7
Q

What is the meaning of “simple”?

A

single layer

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8
Q

What is the meaning of “stratified”?

A

multiple layers

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9
Q

What is the meaning of “squamous”?

A

flat

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10
Q

What is the meaning of “cuboidal”?

A

square

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11
Q

What is the meaning of “columnar”?

A

column (rectangle)

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12
Q

What epithelial tissue is flat, thin, and a single layer?

A

simple squamous

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13
Q

What is the function of simple squamous tissue?

A

diffusion of oxygen and carbon dioxide

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14
Q

Where is simple squamous tissue found in the body?

A

air sacs in lungs

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15
Q

What epithelial tissue is cube shaped and a single layer?

A

simple cuboidal

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16
Q

What is the function of simple cuboidal tissue?

A

absorption and secretion

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17
Q

Where is simple cuboidal tissue found in the body?

A

ovaries, kidneys

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18
Q

What epithelial tissue has long cells and is a single layer?

A

simple columnar

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19
Q

What is the function of simple columnar tissue?

A

absorption of nutrients

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20
Q

Where is simple columnar tissue found in the body?

A

digestive tract (intestines)

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21
Q

What epithelial tissue is multi-layered and has squamous cells?

A

stratified squamous

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22
Q

What is the function of stratified squamous tissue?

A

protection

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23
Q

Where is stratified squamous tissue found in the body?

A

the outer layer of skin

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24
Q

What epithelial tissue appears “stratified” but is actually a single later and has nuclei at various levels?

A

pseudostratified columnar

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25
Q

What is the function of pseudostratified columnar tissue?

A

moves air, removes debris

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26
Q

Where is pseudostratified columnar tissue found in the body?

A

air passages (trachea)

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27
Q

What epithelial tissue is thick and has layered cuboidal cells?

A

transitional

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28
Q

What is the function of transitional tissue?

A

stretchable and waterproof

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29
Q

Where is transitional tissue found in the body?

A

urinary bladder

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30
Q

What is glandular epithelium/tissue?

A

cells specialized to secrete substances, make up the body’s glands (exocrine and endocrine)

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31
Q

What is an example of exocrine glands?

A

spit, sweat

32
Q

What is an example of endocrine glands?

33
Q

What is the most abundant tissue in the body?

A

connective

34
Q

What is the purpose of connective tissue?

A

provides support, protection, frame work, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection

35
Q

What is connective tissue composed of?

A

scattered cells within a matrix

36
Q

What are the three common types of connective tissue cells?

A

mast cells, macrophages, fibroblasts

37
Q

What is the purpose of mast cells?

A

prevent clots

38
Q

What is the purpose of macrophages?

39
Q

What is the purpose of fibroblasts?

A

produce fibers

40
Q

What are the main types of fibers?

A

collagenous and elastic

41
Q

What are the physical characteristics of collagenous fibers?

A

strong, flexible, not very elastic

42
Q

What are the physical characteristics of elastic fibers?

A

not as strong, very elastic

43
Q

Where are collagenous fibers found?

A

bones, ligaments, tendons

44
Q

Where are elastic fibers found?

A

ears, vocal cords

45
Q

What are the eight types of connective tissue?

A

loose c.t., adipose, fibrous, hyaline, elastic cartilage, fibrocartilage, osseous, blood

46
Q

What is the function of loose connective tissue?

A

forms thin membrane

47
Q

Where is loose connective tissue located in the body?

A

binds skin to internal organs

48
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue?

A

protects, insulates, and stores energy (carbs)

49
Q

Where is adipose tissue found in the body?

A

fatty layer beneath the skin

50
Q

What is the function fibrous connective tissue?

A

connects bone to bone and muscle to bone

51
Q

Where is fibrous connective tissue found in the body?

A

tendons and ligaments

52
Q

What do tendons connect?

A

muscle to bone

53
Q

What to ligaments connect?

A

bone to bone

54
Q

What is the function of hyaline tissue?

A

serves as padding

55
Q

Where is hyaline tissue found in the body?

A

covers ends of bones

56
Q

What is the function of elastic cartilage?

A

movement and flexability

57
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found in the body?

A

ears and trachea

58
Q

What is the function of fibrocartilage?

A

shock absorption

59
Q

Where is fibrocartilage found in the body?

A

vertebre (discs)

60
Q

What is the function of osseous tissue?

A

movement, protection, support

61
Q

Where is osseous tissue found in the body?

62
Q

What is the function of blood tissue?

A

carries oxygen and nutrients

63
Q

Where is blood tissue found in the body?

A

circulates throughout the body

64
Q

What are cartilage cells called?

A

chondrocytes

65
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A

striated, smooth, cardiac

66
Q

What is the function of striated muscle tissue?

A

movement - voluntary

67
Q

Where is striated tissue found in the body?

A

muscles connected to bones

68
Q

What is the function of smooth muscle tissue?

A

moves food - involuntary

69
Q

Where is smooth tissue found in the body?

A

digestive system

70
Q

What is the function of cardiac muscle tissue?

A

pumps blood - involuntary

71
Q

Where is cardiac tissue found?

72
Q

What is the function of nerve tissue?

A

transmits electrical impulses

73
Q

Where is nerve tissue found in the body?

A

nerves and neuroglia (brain, spinal cord)

74
Q

What is the function of neurons?

A

transmits signals

75
Q

What is the function of neurolgia?

A

protection, support

A&P (16 decks)

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