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A&P > The Bones & Joints > Flashcards

The Bones & Joints Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of joints?

A

synarthrotic, amphiarthrotic, diarthrotic (synovial)

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2
Q

What are synarthrotic joints?

A

immovable joints, the junctions are called sutures

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3
Q

What is an example of a synarthrotic joint?

A

the skull (coronal, lambdoid, squamous)

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4
Q

What are amphiarthrotic joints?

A

slightly moveable joints

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5
Q

What is an example of a amphiarthrtoic joint.

A

the vertebre

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6
Q

What are diarthrotic joints?

A

freely moveable joints

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7
Q

What are the 4 types of diathrotic joints?

A

ball & socket, hinge, pivot, saddle

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8
Q

What are examples of ball & socket joints?

A
  1. humerus bone in socket of pectoral girdle (shoulder joint)
  2. femur bone in socket of pelvic girdle (hip joints)
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9
Q

What are examples of hinge joints?

A
  1. interphalangeal joints b/w phalanges of fingers & toes
  2. b/w the humerus of upper arm & ulna and radius of forearm (elbow)
  3. b/w the tibia and fibula in lower leg & talus bone in foot (ankle)
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10
Q

Where are hinge joints located?

A

b/w two ore more bones where the bones can only move along one axis to flex or extend

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11
Q

What is an example of a pivot joint?

A

the base of the skull, the joint connects the first vertebre (atlas, C1) of the spine to the second (axis, C2), allows side to side rotation of the head

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12
Q

What are examples of saddle joints?

A
  1. the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb
  2. the calcaneocuboid joint of heel
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13
Q

Where is the frontal bone located?

A

anterior portion (forehead)

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14
Q

Where is the parietal bone located?

A

on each side of the top of the skull

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15
Q

Where is the temporal bone located?

A

side, above ear

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16
Q

Where is the occipital bone located?

A

forms the back of the skill

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17
Q

Where is the sphenoid bone located?

A

base of the cranium, partly visible in eye socket

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18
Q

Where is the ethmoid bone located?

A

nasal cavity, visible in eye socket

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19
Q

Where is the maxilla bone located?

A

forms upper jaws

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20
Q

Where is the mandible bone located?

A

lower jaws, only moveable bone of the skull

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21
Q

Where is the zygomatic bone located?

A

cheek bones

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22
Q

What is a suture?

A

connection points b/w skull bones (synarthrotic joints)

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23
Q

Where is the coronal suture?

A

b/w frontal and parietal bones

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24
Q

Where is the lambdoidal suture?

A

b/w occipital and parietal bones

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25
Q

Where is the squamosal suture?

A

b/w temporal and parietal bones

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26
Q

Where is the sagittal suture?

A

b/w parietal bones

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27
Q

What are fontanels?

A

“soft spots” of an infants skull, these form sutures as you age

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28
Q

Where is the vomer bone?

A

forms inferior part of the nasal septum

29
Q

What is a foramen?

A

any opening in the skull for nerves and blood vessels

30
Q

Where are the mental foramens?

A

openings in the chin

31
Q

Where are the infraorbital foramens?

A

under the eyes

32
Q

Where is the foramen magnum?

A

large opening through the bottom of the skull, where the spinal cord enters the skull

33
Q

What are the 5 parts of the vertebrae?

A

cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx (tailbone)

34
Q

Where are the cervical bones?

A

the neck, C1-C7

35
Q

How many cervical bones are there in the spine?

A

7

36
Q

Where are the thoracic bones?

A

middle back, T1-T12

37
Q

How many thoracic bones are there in the spine?

A

12

38
Q

Where are the lumbar bones?

A

lower back, L1-L5

39
Q

How many lumbar bones are there in the spine?

A

5

40
Q

How many pairs of ribs are there?

A

12

41
Q

What are the ribs also called?

A

thoracic cage

42
Q

Where are the true ribs?

A

first 7 pairs, attached directly to the sternum

43
Q

Where are the false ribs?

A

next 3 pairs after true ribs, attached to ribs above them

44
Q

Where are the floating ribs?

A

last 2 pairs, found on dorsal side

45
Q

What is the pectoral girdle?

A

shoulder

46
Q

What are clavicles? How many?

A

collar bones, 2

47
Q

What are scapulas? How many?

A

shoulder blades, 2

48
Q

What is the upper arm bone?

A

humerus

49
Q

What are the lower arm bones?

A

ulna & radius

50
Q

Where is the ulna relative to the radius?

A

in anatomical position, the ulna is medial to the radius (inside), goes to the pinky (P-U)

51
Q

Where is the radius relative to the ulna?

A

in anatomical position, the radius is lateral to the ulna (outside), goes to thumb

52
Q

How many bones are in the wrist & what are they called?

A

carpals, 8 small bones

53
Q

How many bones are in a hand?

A

27

54
Q

How many bones are in the hand and what are they called?

A

metacarpals, 5

55
Q

How many bones are in the fingers and what are they called?

A

phalanges, 14

56
Q

What is the pelvic girdle?

A

hips

57
Q

What are the two large bones in the pelvic girdle?

A

coxal bones

58
Q

What is the upper leg bone called?

A

femur

59
Q

What is the kneecap bone called?

A

patella

60
Q

What are the lower leg bones called?

A

tibia & fibula

61
Q

Where is the tibia relative to the fibula?

A

the tibia is medial to the fibula, bigger

62
Q

Where is the fibula relative to the tibia?

A

the fibula is lateral to the tibia, smaller

63
Q

What are the bones in the ankle and upper foot called? How many?

A

tarsals, 7

64
Q

What is the largest bone in the foot?

A

calcaneus (heel bone)

65
Q

What are the bones in the foot called? How many?

A

metatarsals, 5

66
Q

What are the bones in the toes called? How many?

A

phalanges, 14

67
Q

What are the 8 carpals called? (wrist)

A

scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, pisiform, hamate, capitate, trapezoid, trapezium

68
Q

What are the 7 tarsals called? (foot)

A

talus, calcaneus, havicular, cuboid, medial cuneiform, intermediate cuneiform, lateral cuneiform

A&P (16 decks)

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