Tissues 1

Question 1

What are the four primary tissues?

Answer 1

Epithelia tissue
connective tissue
muscle tissue
nerve tissue

Question 2

Describe the characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Answer 2

-covers surfaces
-cells connected
-separates compartments
-cells define function
-diversity of secondary functions
-form glands
-good regenerative powers

Question 3

Describe the characteristics of connective tissue?

Answer 3

-connects and supports
-extracellular matrix and fluid defines the structure and function
-liquid to solid matrix
-fewer cells than epithelial

Question 4

Give examples of connective tissue?

Answer 4

lose connective tissue for e.g. blood, bone , cartilage and adipose

Question 5

Describe the characteristics of muscle tissue?

Answer 5

-contractile
-long thin cells so can pull
-cytoplasm of cells packed with apparatus to contract
-can shorten length and therefore close down spaces

Question 6

names of diff kinds of muscle cells?

Answer 6

skeletal
cardiac
smooth

Question 7

Describe skeletal muscle cells?

Answer 7

striated(visible bands), highly ordered arrangement of contractile proteins

Question 8

Describe cardiac muscle cells?

Answer 8

striated, branched , less highly ordered arrangement

Question 9

Describe smooth muscle cells?

Answer 9

non striated , random ordered arrangement

Question 10

Describe the characteristics of nervous tissue?

Answer 10

-for communication
-features neurons and support cells
-receive, generate and transmit electrical signals
-integrates information

Question 11

Describe a neuron cell?

Answer 11

axon=conducts electrical impulses away from cell body
axon terminal=end of axon and release neurotransmitters to communicate with other neurons
dendrites=receive incoming signals and transmit towards cell body
soma=cell body

Question 12

How does epithelial tissue maintain coverage of surfaces?

Answer 12

-no contact inhibition
-cell - cell junctions
-cell- ECM (extra cellular matrix) junctions

Question 13

Characteristics of epithelial tissues junctions?

Answer 13

-have to allow things in and out
-look alike
-close together
-connected by cell - cell junctional complexes

Question 14

tight/occluding cell junctions?

Answer 14

-seals intercellular spaces

Question 15

Desmosomes?

Answer 15

Adhering junctions, function of having firm anchorage.
Have fibrals sticking out ( tono fibrals)
-hold together two cell membranes

Question 16

What junctions are in epithelial cells?

Answer 16

tight and desmosomes

Question 17

Describe gap junctions?

Answer 17

-must allow things to go through
-for communicating

Question 18

What is the basement membrane?

Answer 18

The basement membrane is composed of Reticular Lamina on the bottom and Basal Lamina on the top. All epithelia lie on the basement membrane.

Question 19

How does epithelia connect to basement membrane?

Answer 19

By half desmosomes (hemidesmosomes)

Question 20

What are the secondary roles of epithelia?

Answer 20

-Are thick-to be protective
-Are thin- for diffusion for blood cells into tissues
-Have structures- for movement of substances from lumen, for e.g. cilia
-Absorption-to increase S.A of of apical surface have projections into lumen (villus and microvillous)
for e.g. gastrointestinal system

Question 21

What is cilia?

Answer 21

Finger like projections from apical surface
Epithelia cells that line trachea have cilia to waft dust towards throat

Question 22

What are the classifications of simple epithelia? (one layer)

Answer 22

Squamous=flat
cuboidal=cubical
columnar=columnal

Question 23

What is stratified epithelia?

Answer 23

Many layered epithelia and top layer defines name

Question 24

What is epithelia is only in urinary system?

Answer 24

Transitional epithelia - uroepithelia
Top layer can expand when bladder is full

Question 25

What epithelia is mostly in respiratory system?

Answer 25

Pseudostratified columnar epithelia- is a single layer but looks like it is not