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A&P Review > Tissue level organization > Flashcards

Tissue level organization Flashcards

1
Q

which pigment secreted by specialized cells in the skin is capable of absorbing ultraviolet light

A

melanin

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2
Q

In a skin infection, which cell will take up and process microbial antigens

A

intraepidermal macrophages

(Langerhans cells)

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3
Q

which layer does apoptosis occur

A

stratum granulosum

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4
Q

layers from deepest to most superficial

“brown skin gives lots of color”

A

stratum basale
stratum spinosum
stratum granulosum
stratum luciderm
stratum corneum

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5
Q

These types of cell junctions anchor adjacent cells together and resist their separation during contractile activities

A

adherens junctions and desmosomes

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6
Q

Which epithelial tissue is found lining the kidney glomerulus, and performs blood filtration

A

simple squamous epithelium

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7
Q

Which epithelial tissue forms the most superficial layer of the skin?

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

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8
Q

Which epithelial tissue lines the ducts of sweat glands and oil glands

A

stratified cuboidal

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9
Q

Which epithelial tissue lines most bronchioles and fallopian tubes and moves mucus and oocytes

A

ciliated simple columnar

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10
Q

where would transitional epithelial cells be found

A

lining of urinary bladder

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11
Q

which gland will produce the most viscous secretion

A

holocrine

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12
Q
A
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13
Q

Which of the following is NOT a primary tissue type?

A

D. Skeletal

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14
Q

Epithelial tissues are primarily involved in which function?

A

C. Covering surfaces and forming glands

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15
Q

What type of epithelial tissue is found in areas of high abrasion, such as the skin?

A

B. Stratified squamous

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16
Q

What is the main characteristic of connective tissue?

A

B. Extensive extracellular matrix with few cells

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17
Q

Which type of muscle tissue is under voluntary control?

A

C. Skeletal

Skeletal muscle is the only muscle type that is consciously controlled by the somatic nervous system.

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18
Q

Which connective tissue fiber provides tensile strength?

A

B. Collagen fibers

Collagen fibers are the most abundant connective tissue fibers and are known for their high tensile strength.

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19
Q

Where is transitional epithelium commonly found?

A

B. In the urinary bladder

Transitional epithelium is specialized to stretch and is primarily found in the urinary system.

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20
Q

What type of gland releases its products by exocytosis without losing cellular material?

A

C. Merocrine

Merocrine glands secrete their products without any loss of cellular material, unlike apocrine and holocrine glands.

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21
Q

Which of the following is a characteristic of nervous tissue?

A

B. Conducts electrical impulses

Nervous tissue is specialized for communication through electrical signals, essential for the functioning of the nervous system.

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22
Q

Which type of connective tissue acts as a reservoir for energy storage?

A

Adipose tissue

Adipose tissue stores energy in the form of fat.

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23
Q

Which epithelial tissue type is specialized for diffusion and filtration?

A

Simple squamous

Simple squamous epithelium is thin and allows for efficient exchange of materials.

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24
Q

The extracellular matrix of connective tissue is composed of:

A

Fibers and ground substance

The extracellular matrix provides structural and biochemical support to surrounding cells.

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25
Q

Which muscle tissue has intercalated discs?

A

Cardiac muscle

Intercalated discs are unique to cardiac muscle and facilitate synchronized contractions.

26
Q

Which connective tissue forms tendons and ligaments?

A

Dense regular connective tissue

Dense regular connective tissue provides strength and resistance to pulling forces.

27
Q

Which cell type is responsible for producing fibers in connective tissue?

A

Fibroblasts

Fibroblasts synthesize collagen and other fibers that provide structure to connective tissues.

28
Q

Which type of epithelial tissue lines the respiratory tract and contains cilia?

A

Pseudostratified columnar

Cilia help to move mucus and trapped particles out of the respiratory tract.

29
Q

What is the primary function of reticular connective tissue?

A

Form a supportive framework for organs

Reticular connective tissue provides a scaffold for cells in organs such as the spleen and lymph nodes.

30
Q

Which layer anchors epithelial tissue to underlying connective tissue?

A

Basement membrane

The basement membrane is a thin, fibrous structure that provides support and regulates the exchange of materials.

31
Q

What type of cartilage is found in the external ear?

A

Elastic cartilage

Elastic cartilage provides flexibility and shape, as seen in the ear.

32
Q

Smooth muscle tissue is found in:

A

The walls of hollow organs

Smooth muscle facilitates involuntary movements in organs like the intestines and blood vessels.

33
Q

Which type of connective tissue provides insulation and cushioning for the body?

A

Adipose tissue

Adipose tissue also serves as an energy reserve.

34
Q

Which epithelial tissue type is most associated with absorption and secretion?

A

Simple cuboidal

Simple cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in glands and kidney tubules.

35
Q

Which connective tissue type contains a gel-like matrix with all three fiber types?

A

Areolar connective tissue

Areolar connective tissue provides elasticity and support to surrounding structures.

36
Q

What is the role of osteocytes in bone tissue?

A

To maintain bone matrix

Osteocytes are mature bone cells that help regulate mineral content.

37
Q

Which type of epithelial tissue is found lining the stomach and intestines?

A

Simple columnar

Simple columnar epithelium is specialized for absorption and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract.

38
Q

What is the function of goblet cells in epithelial tissue?

A

To secrete mucus

Goblet cells are found in various epithelial tissues and help to lubricate and protect surfaces.

39
Q

Which connective tissue type resists tension in multiple directions?

A

Dense irregular connective tissue

Dense irregular connective tissue provides structural strength in areas like the dermis of the skin.

40
Q

Which epithelial tissue type changes shape depending on the organ’s volume?

A

Transitional

Transitional epithelium allows for stretching and is found in the bladder.

41
Q

What type of muscle tissue is found in the walls of blood vessels?

A

Smooth muscle

Smooth muscle regulates blood flow and pressure within blood vessels.

42
Q

Which cell type in connective tissue is responsible for immune defense?

A

Mast cell

Mast cells play a crucial role in allergic responses and inflammation.

43
Q

What type of cartilage is found in intervertebral discs?

A

Fibrocartilage

Fibrocartilage provides strength and support while allowing for slight movement between vertebrae.

44
Q

Which type of epithelial tissue lines blood vessels?

A

Simple squamous

Simple squamous epithelium reduces friction and facilitates the exchange of gases and nutrients.

45
Q

What is the main function of dense elastic connective tissue?

A

Recoil and stretch

Dense elastic connective tissue is found in structures that require elasticity, such as the aorta.

46
Q

Which epithelial tissue type has microvilli to increase surface area?

A

Simple columnar

Microvilli enhance absorption in areas like the intestines.

47
Q

Which connective tissue type forms the framework of lymphoid organs?

A

Reticular connective tissue

48
Q

Which muscle tissue lacks striations?

A

Smooth muscle

49
Q

Which connective tissue cell type stores fat?

A

Adipocyte

50
Q

Which epithelial tissue type is found in kidney tubules?

A

Simple cuboidal

51
Q

Which connective tissue has a liquid matrix?

A

Blood

52
Q

What is the function of ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium?

A

Secretion and movement of mucus

53
Q

Which tissue type regenerates the fastest?

A

Epithelial tissue

54
Q

Which type of connective tissue surrounds and cushions organs?

A

Areolar connective tissue

55
Q

What is the primary cell type found in cartilage?

A

Chondrocyte

56
Q

Which epithelial tissue type is designed for rapid diffusion of gases?

A

Simple squamous

57
Q

What structure connects epithelial tissue to the connective tissue below?

A

Basement membrane

58
Q

Which connective tissue is responsible for forming blood cells?

A

Bone marrow

59
Q

Which muscle tissue type is involuntary and striated?

A

Cardiac muscle

60
Q

Which connective tissue provides strength in one direction?

A

Dense regular connective tissue

61
Q

Which epithelial tissue type is found in sweat gland ducts?

A

Stratified cuboidal

62
Q

What is the primary role of mast cells in connective tissue?

A

Release of histamine during inflammation

A&P Review (12 decks)

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