Muscle Flashcards

1
Q

the contractile organelles of skeletal muscle fiber are ________, which are composed of repeating units called _________

A

myofibrils, sarcomeres

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2
Q

skeletal mm contraction is triggered to begin when calcium is released from

A

terminal cisterns of sarcoplasmic reticulum

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3
Q

which region of a sarcomere contain thin filaments

A

both I and A band

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4
Q

myofibrils does NOT contain which type of proteins

A

tensile proteins

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5
Q

which function do all 3 muscles perform

A

moving and storing material throughout the body

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6
Q

the outermost layer of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal mm is the

A

epimysium

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7
Q

what characteristics describe both skeletal and cardiac muscle

A

striations

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8
Q

after the fusion of myoblasts, the muscle fiber loses its ability to

A

go through mitosis

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9
Q

sequence of structures that action potentials move through to excite skeletal mm contraction

AST

A

axon of neurons
sarcolemma
T-tubules

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10
Q

which protein is used to reinforce the sarcolemma and help transmit the tension generated by the sarcomeres to the tendons

A

tropomyosin

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11
Q

for crossbridges to occur, what events must happen

ACM

A

ATPase breaks down ATP
calcium ions be present in sarcoplasm
myosin binding sites be exposed

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12
Q

at the neuromuscular junction _____ must enter the synaptic end bulb to stimulate the release of _____ which binds to ligand gates so ____ can enter the muscle fiber

A

calcium ions, ACh, sodium ions

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13
Q

which ATP production would be sufficient to run in place for one minute

A

anaerobic cellular respiration

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14
Q

why would cardiac muscles have longer refractory periods then skeletal mms

A

to preserve the normal rhythm of the heart and prevent fatigue

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15
Q

world class shot-putters will have a higher % of ___ in their arm muscles

A

fast glycolytic fibers

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16
Q

which microscopic structure is found only in the cardiac mm tissue

A

intercalated discs

17
Q

smooth mm tone is maintained by the prolonged presence of ____ in the mm cells cytosol

A

acetylcholine

18
Q

what disorder occurs when little to no proteins are produced to support the sarcolemma

A

muscular dystrophy

19
Q

when an athlete performs a pull up the process of pulling the body up so the chin can touch the bar is

A

concentric

20
Q

strength training would result in

A

hypertrophy of fast oxidative- glycolytic fibers

21
Q

mitochondrial activity in skeletal mm cells are usually efficient but can have limited ATP production if

A

there is limited O2 availability

22
Q

after prolonged strenuous exercise has stopped, heavy breathing will often continue for several minutes in order to provide the O2 needed to

A

replace O2 displaced from mm myoglobin

convert the lactic acid produced during exercise back into glycogen

resynthesize creatine phosphate

23
Q

cross bridges are formed during mm contraction when ____ binds to ____

A

myosin binds to actin

24
Q

what happens if you treat the patient w a drug that inhibits the activity of acetylcholinesterase

A

the drug will increase contraction

25
writers cramp - what factor would most likely contribute to the MMS not being able to relax
a deficit of ATP keeping myosin from detaching
26
in a neuromuscular junction, the effect of ACh binding to receptors on the motor end plate lasts only briefly due to
rapid destruction of ACh in the synaptic cleft by ACh
27
mm damage can be indicated by
myoglobin found in the blood
28
why will an individual who lifts weights build larger muscles
skeletal mm increase number of myofibrils but not number of cells
29
slow oxidative
resists fatigue
30
fast oxidative glycolytic
uses aerobic and anaerobic
31
fast glycolytic
lowest myoglobin content
32
fascia
wraps around groups of mms
33
epimysium
encircles mms
34
perimysium
encircles fasciles
35
endomysium
separates mm fibers
36