Blood Flashcards
which layer of the arterial wall is responsible for vasoconstriction
tunica media
a blockage in the proximal portion of the right subclavian artery will not only affect circulation to the right arm, but also the
right vertebral artery
which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart to other organs
arteries
in resting individuals, which vessels serve as a large blood reservoir from which blood can be quickly diverted to other vessels as needed
veins and venules
in order to supply oxygenated blood to the liver tissue, which vessel must deliver blood to the organ
hepatic artery
the alternate route of blood flow to a body part is called
anastomosis
the largest driving force for pulling fluid from the interstitial spaces back to the capillaries is
blood colloid osmotic pressure
if a pt is confined to bed and is unable to walk, what would be seriously affected
the circulation returning from the lower body
most important method of capillary exchange
simple diffusion
the pressure driven movement of fluids and solutes from blood into interstitial fluid is called
filtration
the volume of blood that circulates through the systemic (or pulmonary) blood vessels per minute is called
cardiac output
what would not result in an increase in arterial blood pressure
increased arteriolar vasodilation
nutrients from digested food enter the liver via
hepatic portal circulation
abnormal conditions such as atherosclerosis and patent (open) ductus anteriousus cause a large increase in the
pulse pressure
the cardiovascular center is located
in the medulla oblongata
which hormones would not stimulate changes that lead to an increase in arterial blood pressure
atrial natriuretic peptide ANP
all the veins of the systemic circulation eventually drain into the
superior and inferior vena cava and coronary sinus
if the foramen ovale doesnt close at birth, the result will be
introducing deoxygenated blood into the systemic circulation
the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system involves stimulating a vasoconstrictor (angiotensis II) and stimulating aldosterone secretion which increases water reabsorption. in these two ways we can
increase blood volume and blood pressure
these two pressure promote filtration ________ & ____________
blood hydrostatic pressure and interstitial fluid osmotic pressure
these two pressures promote reabsorption _______ & __________
blood colloid osmotic pressure and interstitial fluid hydrostatic pressure
the pulmonary circulatory route carries blood from the
right ventricle to the left atrium
into which of the following categories would an individual with a blood pressure of 145/95 be place
stage 1 hypertension
the chemical histamine causes capillary walls to become more permeable. as a result, excess histamine secretion, as might be seen in allergic responses might lead to
edema
the only place in the body where veins carry oxygenated blood and arteries carry dexoygenated blood is
pulmonary circulation
which vessels drains blood from the head and neck
jugular vein
when the umbilical cord is tied after birth, the umbilical arteries close by filling it with
connective tissue
capillaries in the bone marrow have _____ walls and are called _____
leaky, sinusoids
a megakaryoblast will develop into
a platelet
progressive liver failure may lead to serious bleeding problems due to
reduced production of thrombopoeitin
reduction in production of platelets
reduction in cholesterol production
reduction in number of pluripotent stem cells
all of the above
which hormone stimulates proliferation of RBCs in bone marrow
erthyropoietin
ferritin is a protein used to
store iron in the liver, muscle and spleen
what % of blood plasma is water
91.5
which plasma proteins plays a role in blood clotting
fibrinogen
what is not a major function of blood
production of oxygen
the hematocrit is a measure of the % of whole blood occupied by
RBCS
jaundice is a yellowing of the skin, caused by the deposition of bilirubin in the skin, it may be associated w
a,b,c
excessive breakdown of RBC
cancer of bowel or pancreas
blockage of bile drainage by gallstones
which is a phagocyte
neutrophil
which blood cells releases granules that intensify the inflammatory response and promote hypersensitivity reactions
basophil
towards the end of the erthyropoiesis in the bone marrow, a cell loses its nucleus and becomes a
reticulocyte
erythropoiesis may be stimulated by
all of the above
pulmonary disease that decreases available oxygen
excessive bleeding
traveling to high altitudes
diving in deep water
which blood cell phagocytizes antigen antibody complexes and is effective against parasitic worms
eosinophil
which blood cells are the main soldiers in the immune system battles
lymphocyte
which of the following substances is an anticoagulant produced by mast cells and basophils
heparin
which of the antibodies would u find in the plasma of a person w type O blood
anti A and anti B
sequence of steps that occur during hemostasis in response to a damaged blood vessel
VPC
vascular spasm
platelet plug formation
clotting
the intrinsic and extrinsic pathways of blood clotting are identical after formation of
prothrombinase
what blood type is a person if their plasma contains only anti - a agglutinin
B
someome with leukemia requires bone marrow transplant. the donor may be a person who gives the recipient stem cells that are in the bone marrow from their _____ or stem cells may come from their _____
hip bone, umbilical cord
the process of a white blood cell squeezing between endothelial cells to exit a blood vessel is called
emigration
which of the following hormones stimulates the development of megakaryoblasts
thrombopoetin
a condition is which inadequate intake of vit B12 or folic acid causes production of large abnormal red blood cells is called
megaloblastic anemia
