Nervous Tissue Flashcards
functions of nervous tissue
responsible for all behaviors
memories and movements
homeostasis
sensory = input
motor response = output
brain and spinal cord =
CNS
everything else (nerves; 12 pairs of Cranial Nerves, 31 Pairs of spinal nerves), includes ganglia, enteric plexuses & sensory receptors
PNS
bundle of hundreds to thousands of axons w their blood vessels and connective tissues
nerve
specialised nerve that monitors change
sensory receptor
nerves that run along the GI tract
enteric plexus
structure that contains small clusters of nerve cell bodies
ganglia or ganglion
nerves that control skeletal mm, voluntary control
two divisions:
sensory or afferent
motor or efferent
somatic nervous system
all automatic functions, involuntary control
two divisions:
sensory/afferent
motor efferent
autonomic nervous system
fight or flight =
sympathetic
rest and digest =
PNS
extensive network of nerves in the walls of the gastrointestinal tract, controls the movement of food and acids and hormone secretions in the GI tract
enteric nervous system
two main types of nervous system cells
nerve cells (neurons)
neuroglia
nerve: bundles of axons in the ____
PNS
tract: bundles of axons in the
CNS
3 main parts of a neuron
cell body (soma)
axon
dendrite
slow axonal transport moves in _____ direction
one
fast = both directions
forward direction , moves organelles and synaptic vessels =
anterograde
backward direction, moves membrane vessels back for degrading and recycling
retrograde
interneurons
connect the sensory neuron to the motor neuron
support cells only, support, protect & nourish all neurons, no action potentials produced here, this type of cell forms BBB, produces myelin sheaths to cover axons, make CSF, aid with phagocytosis (clean up crew)
neuroglia
Cells in the CNS
astrocytes
oligodendrocytes
microglia
ependymal cells
