Tissue and shape of epithelial cells Flashcards
location of simple squamous epithelium
lining of heart, blood & lymphatic vessels (endothelium)
lining body cavities(mesothelium)
bowman’s capsule of kidney
lining respiratory spaces of lung
Function of simple cuboidal cells (3)
Absorption
Secretion
Barrier
Location of simple cuboidal cells
small ducts of exocrine glands surface of ovary kidney tubules thyroid follicles liver hepatocytes
Function of simple columnar epithelium
secretion, absorption
Location of simple columnar epithelium
stomach small intestine large intestine Gall bladder Uterine tube
Major function of pseudostratified epithelium
secretion
conduit
absorption
location of pseudostratified epithelium
trachea & bronchial tree
male reproductive tract (ductus deferens, epididymis)
Function of stratified squamous epithelium
protection against injury & abrasion and barrier to dehydration & infection
location of stratified squamous epithelium
esophagus
vagina
epidermis
oral cavity
stratum corneum
dead cells filled with keratin filaments
stratum granulosum
most superficial layer of nucleated squamous cells
Stratum basale
layer of cuboidal cells attached to the basement membrane
Location of stratified cuboidal epithelium
duct of eccrine sweat gland
large ducts of exocrine glands
Anorectal junction
Location of stratified columnar epithelium
largest ducts of exocrine gland
anorectal junction
Location of transitional epithelium
Urinary system
In empty bladder how are the shapes of cells of transitional epithelium?
basal cells are mostly cuboidal, middle layer polygonal and apical cells bulge into the lumen
In stretched bladder how are the shapes of cells of transitional epithelium?
thickness of epithelium is reduced and superficial cells are flattened.
Another name of stratified epithelium lining urinary tract
urothelium
Location of cilia
respiratory epithelium,
fallopian tube
What is another name of microvilli?
brush border
What is microvilli made up of?
actin microfilaments
Where is microvilli anchored on?
terminal web which contain microfilaments to stabilize microvilli
Location of microvilli
Small intestine
gall bladder
kidney
Location of stereocilia
epididymis
vas deferens
inner ear
Steps of DNA methylation for repression of transcription (4)
- Dnmt3 methylates unmethylated DNA
- MeCP2 recruits HDAC1
- HDAC1 deacetylates histones
- Heterochromatin is formed
Role of histone acetylation
reduces affinity between histone and DNA, which increase transcription.
Purine
Adenine and guanine
Pyrimidine
Thymine and Uracil , Cytosine
