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ANAPHY > Tissue > Flashcards

Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

FUNDAMENTAL TYPES OF
TISSUES:

A
  1. EPITHELIAL
  2. CONNECTIVE
  3. MUSCLE
  4. NERVOUS
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2
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF EPITHELIAL TISSUES

A
  1. LINING/SURFACE EPITHELIUM
  2. GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
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3
Q

FUNCTIONS OF EPITHELIAL TISSUES:

A
  1. Protection
  2. Secretion
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4
Q

Composition of Lining/Surface Epithelium

A

Epithelial cells
Extra/intercellular substance

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5
Q

Characteristics of Lining/Surface Epithelium

A

contiguous cells
basal lamina
avascular
sheet or layers

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6
Q

SUBTYPE OF LINING/SURFACE
EPITHELIUM : Based on the number of layers of cells:

A

1.Simple
2. Psuedostratified
3. Stratified/Urothelium
4. Transitional

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7
Q

single layer of cells

A

Simple

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8
Q

– single layer of columnar shaped cells with nucleus at variable location of the cell giving it false stratification or appearance of
several layers of cells; not all apices of cells reach the surface (different heights of columnar cells)

A

Pseudostratified

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9
Q

SPECIFIC SUBTYPES OF LINING/SURFACE EPITHELIUM :
ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF CELL LAYER + SHAPE OF THE CELL
AND ITS SPECIAL FEATURE LIKE PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF CILIA
OR KERATIN

A

1a.SIMPLE
a. squamous
b. cuboidal
c. columnar
1) non-ciliated
2) ciliated

1b. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR
1) non-ciliated
2) ciliated

2a. STRATIFIED
a. squamous
1) keratinized
2) non-keratinized
b. cuboidal
c. columnar

2b. TRANSITIONAL

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10
Q

more than one layer

A

Stratified

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11
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
ACCORDING TO NUMBER OF CELLS

A
  1. UNICELLLULAR
  2. MULTICELLULA
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12
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
ACCORDING TO PRESENCE /ABSENCE OF DUCTS

A
  1. EXOCRINE
  2. ENDOCRINE
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13
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
ACCORDING TO NATURE OF SECRETION

A
  1. MUCUS
  2. SEROUS
  3. MUCO-SEROUS / MIXED
  4. CYTOGENIC
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14
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
ACCORDING TO FATE OF SECRETING CELLS

A
  1. MEROCRINE
  2. APOCRINE
  3. HOLOCRINE
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15
Q

GLANDULAR EPITHELIUM
ACCORDING TO MORPHOLOGY

A
  1. TUBULAR
    a. SIMPLE
    1) simple tubular
    2) simple coiled
    tubular
    3) simple branched
    tubular
    b. COMPOUND
    1) compound
    tubular
  2. ALVEOLAR
    a. simple alveolar
    b. compound alveolar
  3. TUBULO-ALVEOLAR
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16
Q

Characterized by large amounts of extracellular materials that separate cells from one another

A

Connective Tissue

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17
Q

Components of Extracellular Matrix

A
  1. Protein fiber
    a. Collagen
    b. Reticular
    C. Elastic
  2. Ground Substance
  3. Fluid
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18
Q

is the shapeless background against which cells and collagen fibers are seen in the light microscope. An important component is proteoglycans made up of protein and polysaccharide

A

Ground Substance

19
Q

FUNCTIONS OF CONNECTIVE
TISSUE

A
  1. Enclosing and separating tissues
  2. Connecting tissues to one another
  3. Supporting and moving
  4. Storing energy
  5. Cushioning and insulating
  6. Transporting
  7. Protecting
20
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF CONNECTIVE
TISSUE

A

Subtypes:
-Fibrous/Connective Tissue Proper
Collagenous- LCT, DRCT, DICT
Elastic

-Embryonic
Mesenchymal
Mucous

-Specialized
Bone - compact, spongy
Cartilage - hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage
Adipose - brown, white
Reticular

21
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF FIBROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  1. Collagenous
    a. Loose collagenous/ loose areolar
    b. Dense regular collagenous
    c. Dense irregular collagenous
  2. Elastic
22
Q
  • consists of collagen and elastic fiber
  • The most common cells found are fibroblast
  • Fibroblasts, are responsible for the production of the fibers of the matrix.
A

LOOSE COLLAGENOUS OR LOOSE AREOLAR

23
Q
  • Same direction of collagen
    fibers
  • ex. Tendon, most ligaments, aponeuroses.

Function: Attaches muscles to bones or to muscles; attaches bones to bones; withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in one direction

A

DENSE REGULAR COLLAGENOUS

24
Q
  • Different directions of
    collagen fibers
  • ex. Dermis (skin), submucosa of the digestive tract; fibrous capsules of organs and of joints.

Function: Able to withstand tension exerted in many directions; provides structural strength.

A

DENSE IRREGULAR COLLAGENOUS

25
Q
  • Bundles and sheets of collagenous and elastic fibers
    oriented in multiple directions
  • In walls of elastic arteries (aorta), lungs, vocal
    ligaments
  • Strong, yet elastic; allows for recoil of tissue after
    being stretched
A

Elastic connective tissue

26
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF EMBRYONIC CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  1. MESENCHYMAL CONNECTIVE TISSUE
    • Mesenchyme
  2. MUCOUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
    • Mucus
27
Q

-Derived from mesoderm
–Delicate collagen fibers embedded in a semifluid matrix

A

Mesenchyme

28
Q

CLASSIFICATION OF SPECIALIZED CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A
  1. RETICULAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE
  2. ADIPOSE
  3. BONES
  4. CARTILAGES
  5. HEMOPOIETIC TISSUE
29
Q

Description: Network of reticular fibers in a typical loose ground ground substance; reticular calls line on the network.

Function: Fibers form a soft internal skeleton (stroma) that supports other cell types including white blood cells, mast cells, and macrophages.

Location: Lymphoid organs (lymph nodes, bone marrow, and spleen)

A

Reticular connective tissue

30
Q

Description: Matrix as in areolar, but very sparse; closely packed adipocytes, or fat cells, have a nucleus pushed to the side by large fat droplet.

Function: Provides reserve food fuel; insulates against heat loss; supports and protects organs.

Location: Under skin; around kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen; in breasts.

A

Adipose tissue

31
Q

BONES

A
  1. COMPACT/DENSE
  2. SPONGY/CANCELLOUS
32
Q

Types of CARTILAGES

A
  1. HYALINE CARTILAGE
  2. ELASTIC CARTILAGE
  3. FIBROCARTILAGE
33
Q

Example of Hyaline Cartilage

A

-sternal ends of the ribs
-in the larynx
-trachea
-bronchi
-articulating surfaces of bones.

34
Q

Example of Elastic Cartilage

A

-your external ears
-Your eustachian tubes

35
Q

Example of Fibrocartilage

A

-The meniscus in your knee.
-In disks between the vertebrae in your spine.
-Supporting muscles, tendons, and ligaments throughout your body.

36
Q

the tough, very strong tissue found predominantly in the intervertebral disks and at the insertions of ligaments and tendons

A

Fibrous cartilage

37
Q

connective tissue consisting chiefly of elastic fibers found in the dermis of the skin and in the walls of veins and arteries and in some tendons and ligaments.

A

Elastic Cartilage

38
Q

translucent bluish white cartilage consisting of cells embedded in an apparently homogeneous matrix, present in joints and respiratory passages, and forming most of the fetal skeleton.

A

Hyaline Cartilage

39
Q

main characteristic is its ability to contract or shorten

A

Muscle Tissue

40
Q

TYPES OF MUSCLE TISSUE

A

A. SKELETAL
B. CARDIAC
C. SMOOTH

41
Q
  • forms the brain, spinal cord and nerves
  • contains very important cells which are neurons and neuroglia
A

NERVOUS TISSUE

42
Q

A type of cell that receives and sends messages from the body to the brain and back to the body

A

Neuron/Nerve cell

43
Q

Any of the cells that hold nerve cells in place and help them work the way they should.

A

Neuroglia/Glial Cells

ANAPHY (10 decks)

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