Time Out and Response Cost

Question 1

loss of access to all positive reinforcers for a breif period contingent on problem behavior, which results in a decrease in the problem behavior (negative punishment)

Answer 1

Time Out

Question 2

2 types of time out:

Answer 2

1. Non-exclusionary

2. Exclusionary

Question 3

individual remains in room while being removed from access to positive SR

Answer 3

Non-exclusionary

Question 4

Example:

Timeout chari

Answer 4

non-exclusionary

Question 5

Individual removed from the room where problem behavior occurred and is taken to another room, which removes all sources of positive SR

Answer 5

Exclusionary

Question 6

Example:

Principles office

Answer 6

Exclusionary

Question 7

Why it is important to determine the function of problem behavior prior to implementing TO?

Answer 7

Not all PB can be decreased by TO

Question 8

When is it appropriate to use TO?

Answer 8

use w/ pb maintained by social positive reinforcement (attention and tangibles)
Time in reinforced with positive reinforcement making them want to stay in time in area instead of time out

Question 9

When is it NOT appropriate to use TO?

Answer 9

when PB is maintained by:

• Social negative reinforcement
• reinforces escape maintained PB
• Automatic SR
• allows opportunity to engage in repetitive bx w/ out interruption

Question 10

Safety procedures for TO room:

Answer 10

• Be safe (free of sharp or breakable objects) well lit, and barren
• Have observation window so individual can be observed
• Room cannot have lock, so individual cannot lock out change agent

Question 11

Briefly discuss the importance of the time-in environment and what is should entail

Answer 11

Time In environment provides social reinforcement for good behavior while time out environment provides negative punishment for pb

Question 12

Removal of a specified amount of specific reinforcer that person already has contingent on occurrence of pb, which results in a decrease in future probability of pb

Answer 12

Response Cost

Question 13

Examples of RC for government and law enforcement uses:

Answer 13

• IRS fines for not paying taxes
• Parking or speeding tickets
• Fine for turning in books late to library

Question 14

Difference between RC, TO, and EXT?:

Answer 14

• EXT: remove reinforcer that maintained PB
• TO: remove ALL reinforcement contingent on PB
• RC: specific amount of a specific SR person already possesses removed after PB

Question 15

Similarities between RC, TO, and EXT?

Answer 15

all used to decrease bx

Question 16

token loss or loss of ongoing SR

Answer 16

Immediate RC

Question 17

Ex:

Fake being taken away: Loss of opportunity immediate

Answer 17

Immediate RC

Question 18

fines paid later; loss of opportunity to engage in activity later in the day; loss of allowance at end of week

Answer 18

Delayed RC

Question 19

Ex:

Parking ticket: loss of money when time to pay bill

Answer 19

Delayed RC

Question 20

Two types of RC:

Answer 20

Immediate

Delayed

Question 21

Ethical considerations with the use of RC:

Answer 21

• Important that removal of SR does not violate rights of person or result in harm
• Taking away personal possession from adult with IDD would be violation of rights
• Depriving someone of a meal or food that’s normally available is violation of rights