Positive Punishment

Question 1

presenting an unfavorable outcome or event following an undesirable behavior to decrease likelihood of behavior occurring again

Answer 1

positive punishment

Question 2

4 types of positive punishment:

Answer 2

1. Overcorrection
2. Contingent Exercises
3. Guided compliance
4. Physical restraint

Question 3

Client required to engage in effortful bx for period of time contingent on pb

Answer 3

Overcorrection:

Question 4

Two types of Overcorrection:

Answer 4

1. Positive practice

2. Restitution

Question 5

Client has to engage in correct forms of relevant bx contingent on pb

Answer 5

Positive practice

Question 6

Contingent on pb, client has to correct environmental effects of pb and restore environment to condition better than existed prior to pb

Answer 6

Restitution

Question 7

Ex:

Errors on spelling tests=write the misspelled words 10 times each

Answer 7

Positive Practice

Question 8

Ex:

Child writes on walls=has to clean wall wrote on AND other walls in room

Answer 8

Restitution

Question 9

Client made to engage in some form of physical exercise contingent on pb; must be physical activity that client can engage in independently

Answer 9

Contingent exercise

Question 10

Ex:

Johnny swearing in front of little brother = had to clean windows in house for 10 mins

Answer 10

Contingent exercise

Question 11

during an instructional situation, if individual engages in pb, individual is guided physically though the instructional situation contingent on pb; once initiated, if pb stops and compliance starts, physical guidance withdrawn

Answer 11

Guided compliance

Question 12

Ex:
Dad ask child to pick up toys-> child screams “NO” = dad asks her to pick up toys and physically guides her to pick up each toy

Answer 12

Guided Compliance

Question 13

contingent on pb, change agent hold immobile part of clients body that is involved in the pb; while being physically restrained, client cannot engage in pb or other bx; change agent does not interact with individual when implementing physical restraint

Answer 13

Physical restraint

Question 14

Student w/ IDD engage in ongoing and continuous physical aggression toward peer = teacher holds students arms down for 1 min

Answer 14

Physical restraint

Question 15

Considerations when applying positive punishment:

Answer 15

• Only used when change agent can implement physical guidance
• Ready for client resisting physical guidance and still follow through with procedure
• Physical guidance used is not a reinforcer
• Procedure will not result in harm to client or change agent
• Caregivers must be trained to fluency to implement physical restraint in safe way and must follow state laws for its use and evaluation

Question 16

Rarely used types of aversive stimulation as positive punishment:

Answer 16

• Severe eye gouging = water mist to face contingent on bx

- Self hairpulling = aversive noise or smell contingent on bx

Question 17

Most common type of aversive stimulation as positive punishment:

Answer 17

Restitution

Question 18

Ethics in using Punishment:

Answer 18

• Informed consent
• Alternative treatment
• Recipient Safety
• Problem severity
• Implementation guidlines
• Training & supervision
• Peer review