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Locomotor > Tibiofibular and ankle joints > Flashcards

Tibiofibular and ankle joints Flashcards

1
Q

How is weight transferred through the tibia?

A

Directly downwards

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2
Q

Describe the tibial tuberosity?

A

Tuberosity on anterior tibia

Patellar tendon attaches here

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3
Q

Describe the formation of the tibial tuberosity?

A

Ossifies later than the rest of the tibia

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4
Q

Which pathology is associated with the tibial tuberosity?

A

Osgood Schlatter’s syndrome

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5
Q

Describe the soleal line?

A

Line that runs posteriorly on the tibia

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6
Q

Describe the function of the fibula?

A

Non-weight bearing

For muscle attachment: 9 muscles attach here

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7
Q

Where is the tibiofibular joint located?

A

There are two: superior and inferior

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8
Q

What type of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint?

Which movements occur here?

A

Plane synovial joint

Some gliding movements

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9
Q

Describe the ligaments supporting the superior tibiofibular joint?

A

Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

LCL of knee

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10
Q

What type of joint is the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

Fibrous joint (syndesmosis)

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11
Q

Which ligaments support the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments

Interosseous tibiofibular ligaments

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12
Q

Describe the function of the inferior tibiofibular joint?

A

Prevents the tibia and fibula from separating in weight bearing

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13
Q

Which structure does the inferior tibiofibular joint form?

A

Malleolar mortise

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14
Q

List the bones of the foot?

A

3 rows of tarsal bones: calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, cuboid

5 metatarsals: named 1-5 medial to lateral

14 phalanges: 2 in hallux, 3 in each digit

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15
Q

Which is the largest bone in the foot?

A

Calcaneus

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16
Q

Which bones of the foot are articular at the ankle joint?

A

Only the talus

17
Q

Describe the joints of the big toe?

What is the significance of this?

A

No saddle joint

Stabilioty rather than mobility

18
Q

List the joints that the talus is involved in?

A

Ankle joint (talocrural joint)

Subtalar joint (talocalcaneal joint)

Midtarsal joint (talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid)

19
Q

Which bones are involved in the ankle joint?

A

Body of talus fits into mortice between malleoli

20
Q

What type of joint is the ankle joint?

Which movements occur here?

A

Synovial hinge joint

Flexion and extension only

21
Q

How is the ankle joint deepened posteriorly?

A

Inferior transverse ligament

Boxes in mortice posteriorly

22
Q

What is the function of the inferior transverse ligament at the ankle joint?

A

Deepens ankle joint posteriorly

Boxes in mortice posteriorly

23
Q

Describe the axis of movement of the ankle joint?

Why does this occur?

A

Oblique axis of movement, as the lateral malleolus extends further distally than the medial malleolus

24
Q

Why is the ankle joint more stable in dorsiflexion than plantar flexion?

A

Joint surfaces more confruent in dosriflexion, as the talus is wider anteriorly

25
Q

Describe the ligaments that support the ankle joint?

A

Medial ‘deltoid’ ligament: component parts

Lateral collateral ligament: three component parts

26
Q

Which ligaments at the ankle are most likely to be injured?

A

Deltoid ligament rarely injured: very strong

LCL commonly injured in inversion sprains

27
Q

Which movements occur at the subtalar and TCN joints?

A

Inversion and eversion

28
Q

Which joint is the subtalar joint functionally paired to?

A

Talocalaneonavicular joint

29
Q

What tyoe of joints are the subtalar and TCN joints?

A

Modified ball and socket joints

30
Q

What is the spring ligament?

What is its function?

A

Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament

Maintains position of head of talus

Maintains arch of foot

31
Q

Within which joint is the sinus tarsi found?

A

Subtalar joint

32
Q

What is the sinus tarsi?

A

Gap in subtalar joint which transmits vascular structures

33
Q

Which ligaments support the subtalar joint?

A

Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament

34
Q

What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?

Which movements occur here?

A

Plane synovial joint

Allows rotatory gliding movementfor pronation/supination

35
Q

Describe the difference between inversion/eversion and pronation/supination?

A

Inversion/eversion is whole foot movement

Pronation/supination is relative movement between hind foot and forefoot

36
Q

List the joints present in the foot?

A

Intertarsal joints

Tarsometatarsal joints

Metatarsophalangeal joints

Interphalangeal joints

37
Q

List the arches present in the foot?

A

2 longtitudinal arches: medial and lateral

1 transverse arch (hemi-arch on each foot)

Locomotor (28 decks)

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