Tibiofibular and ankle joints Flashcards
How is weight transferred through the tibia?
Directly downwards
Describe the tibial tuberosity?
Tuberosity on anterior tibia
Patellar tendon attaches here
Describe the formation of the tibial tuberosity?
Ossifies later than the rest of the tibia
Which pathology is associated with the tibial tuberosity?
Osgood Schlatter’s syndrome
Describe the soleal line?
Line that runs posteriorly on the tibia
Describe the function of the fibula?
Non-weight bearing
For muscle attachment: 9 muscles attach here
Where is the tibiofibular joint located?
There are two: superior and inferior
What type of joint is the superior tibiofibular joint?
Which movements occur here?
Plane synovial joint
Some gliding movements
Describe the ligaments supporting the superior tibiofibular joint?
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments
LCL of knee
What type of joint is the inferior tibiofibular joint?
Fibrous joint (syndesmosis)
Which ligaments support the inferior tibiofibular joint?
Anterior and posterior tibiofibular ligaments
Interosseous tibiofibular ligaments
Describe the function of the inferior tibiofibular joint?
Prevents the tibia and fibula from separating in weight bearing
Which structure does the inferior tibiofibular joint form?
Malleolar mortise
List the bones of the foot?
3 rows of tarsal bones: calcaneus, talus, navicular, 3 cuneiforms, cuboid
5 metatarsals: named 1-5 medial to lateral
14 phalanges: 2 in hallux, 3 in each digit
Which is the largest bone in the foot?
Calcaneus
Which bones of the foot are articular at the ankle joint?
Only the talus
Describe the joints of the big toe?
What is the significance of this?
No saddle joint
Stabilioty rather than mobility
List the joints that the talus is involved in?
Ankle joint (talocrural joint)
Subtalar joint (talocalcaneal joint)
Midtarsal joint (talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid)
Which bones are involved in the ankle joint?
Body of talus fits into mortice between malleoli
What type of joint is the ankle joint?
Which movements occur here?
Synovial hinge joint
Flexion and extension only
How is the ankle joint deepened posteriorly?
Inferior transverse ligament
Boxes in mortice posteriorly
What is the function of the inferior transverse ligament at the ankle joint?
Deepens ankle joint posteriorly
Boxes in mortice posteriorly
Describe the axis of movement of the ankle joint?
Why does this occur?
Oblique axis of movement, as the lateral malleolus extends further distally than the medial malleolus
Why is the ankle joint more stable in dorsiflexion than plantar flexion?
Joint surfaces more confruent in dosriflexion, as the talus is wider anteriorly
Describe the ligaments that support the ankle joint?
Medial ‘deltoid’ ligament: component parts
Lateral collateral ligament: three component parts
Which ligaments at the ankle are most likely to be injured?
Deltoid ligament rarely injured: very strong
LCL commonly injured in inversion sprains
Which movements occur at the subtalar and TCN joints?
Inversion and eversion
Which joint is the subtalar joint functionally paired to?
Talocalaneonavicular joint
What tyoe of joints are the subtalar and TCN joints?
Modified ball and socket joints
What is the spring ligament?
What is its function?
Plantar calcaneonavicular ligament
Maintains position of head of talus
Maintains arch of foot
Within which joint is the sinus tarsi found?
Subtalar joint
What is the sinus tarsi?
Gap in subtalar joint which transmits vascular structures
Which ligaments support the subtalar joint?
Interosseous talocalcaneal ligament
What type of joint is the calcaneocuboid joint?
Which movements occur here?
Plane synovial joint
Allows rotatory gliding movementfor pronation/supination
Describe the difference between inversion/eversion and pronation/supination?
Inversion/eversion is whole foot movement
Pronation/supination is relative movement between hind foot and forefoot
List the joints present in the foot?
Intertarsal joints
Tarsometatarsal joints
Metatarsophalangeal joints
Interphalangeal joints
List the arches present in the foot?
2 longtitudinal arches: medial and lateral
1 transverse arch (hemi-arch on each foot)
