Imaging of the lower limb Flashcards
Describe the pathologies of the hip that most commonly occur at each age group?
Young - congenital dislocation
Girls - capital femoral epiphysis disintegration
Boys - slipped upper femoral epiphyses
Adults - osteoarthritis
Elderly - fractures
Describe the orientation of the sacroiliac joint?
Angled at 45 degrees to the coronal plane
Oblique
Describe the boundaries that make up the greater and lesser pelvis?
Greater pelvis: superior bony margin of iliac crest
Lesser pelvis: promontory, arcuate line, pectineal line, pubic symphysis
Describe the locations of the anterior and posterior columns?
Identify the labels on this image?
Identify the labels on this image?
Describe the tear drop structure in the hip?
Why is it useful?
Inner margin of hip joint on one side, quadrilateral plate on the other
Helps to tell if hip is migrating medially
What is the angle of the neck of the femur?
120 degrees
Describe the angles in this picture?
At what age does the femoral head appear?
6-9 months
Describe the difference between these two images?
Upper epiphyses is collapsed and sclerotic
Describe the appearrance of the epiphyses at 10-14 years?
Bones fused
Still see a little bit of scar
Identify the labels in this image?
Scelrotic line
Remnants of epiphyseal scar
Identify the labels in this image?
What is MRI used to view in the knee?
Marrow
Menisci
Tendons
Ligaments
Which tissues are suppressed in T2 weighted musculoskeletal imaging?
Fat suppression
Fat and bone marrow dark
Identify the labels in this image?
Identify the labels in this image?
Identify the labels on this image?
Describe the signal intensity of ligaments?
Low signal structures
Describe the difference in the menisci?
Lateral is shorter and rounder, more C shaped
Identify the labels in this image?
Describe how the ACL is captured in imaging?
Why?
Sagittal image, slightly oblique
ACL is slightly oblique
Describe the fibres of the ACL?
Two bundles that twist around each other
