Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Locomotor > Leg bones and muscles > Flashcards

Leg bones and muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the shape of the tibial shaft?

A

Triangular in cross section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Describe the surfaces of the tibia, and the important features of each?

A

Medial, lateral and posterior surfaces

Medial surface is subcutaneous

Posterior surface - soleal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the soleal line delineate?

A

Attachment of soleus and popliteus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which muscular compartments are present in the leg?

What are their actions?

A

Anterior compartment: dorsiflex foot, extend toes

Posterior compartment: plantarflex foot, flex toes

Lateral compartment: evert foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Describe the fascia that creates the three muscular compartments of the leg?

A

Deep fascia continuous with fascia lata - attached directly to tibia

Pair of intermuscular septa (anterior and posterior) arise from deep fascia to divide into three compartments

Interosseous membrane also contributes to divisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Describe the arrangement of the muscle compartments in the leg?

A

Anterior

Lateral

Posterior (deep) - mirror of anterior

Posterior (deep)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

List the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis anterior

EDL

EHL

(Fibularis tertius)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Describe the borders of the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

Between tibia, interosseous membrane, anterior intermuscular septum and deep fascia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Describe the actions of the muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg?

A

DORSIFLEXION AND EXTEND TOES

Tibialis anterior: dorsiflexion and inversion (on medial side of foot)

EDL: extends smaller toes

EHL: extends big toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is tibialis anterior important in inversion?

A

Inserts on medial side of foot

(medial cuneifrom and base of first metatarsal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Describe the insertion of tibialis anterior?

A

Medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Describe the fibularis tertius muscle?

A

Spilts off from EDL

Small tendon

Inserts into base of fifth metatarsal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Describe the arrangement of muscles on the dorsum of the foot?

A

Run under extensor retinaculum

TIMOTHY HAS A NASTY DIRTY TOE

Medial to lateral: tibialis anterior, EHL, anterior tibial artery, deep fibular nerve, EDL, fibularis tertius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

List the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Fibularis longus

Fibularis brevis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Describe the boundaries of the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Between anterior and posterior septa, deep fascia and fibula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Describe the actions of the muscles in the lateral compartment of the leg?

A

Eversion

17
Q

Describe the pathway of the fibularis longus muscle?

A

Proximal shaft of fibula > beneath sole of foot > tendon grooves cuboid bone > medial insertion: medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal

18
Q

Describe the insertion of fibularis brevis?

A

Base of fifth metatarsal

19
Q

Describe the arrangement of the fibularis longus and brevis muscles as they pass along the side of the foot?

A

Pass behind lateral malleolus (brevis grooves the bone)

20
Q

List the muscles of the superficial posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

(Popliteus)

(Plantaris)

21
Q

Describe the plantaris muscle?

A

Short belly, long slender tendon > vestigial

22
Q

Describe the realtionhip of the plantaris muscle to gastrocnemius?

A

Lies edge to edge with lateral head

Disappears from view as it passes behind medial head

23
Q

Describe the gastrocnemius muscle?

A

Two fleshy bellies

One from each condyle of femur

Comon tendon of insertion - achilles

24
Q

Describe the origin of the soleus muscle?

A

Arises from soleal line

Oblique line with fibrous arch

Horseshoe shape origin across both tibia and fibula

25
Q

Other than movements of the ankle joint, what is the important function of soleus?

A

Muscular pump

26
Q

List the muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis posterior

FHL

FDL

27
Q

Describe the actions of the muscles in the deep posterior compartment of the leg?

A

Tibialis posterior: plantarflexion and inversion

FDL: flexes little toes

FHL: flexes big toe

28
Q

Describe how inversion of the foot is achieved?

A

Contraction of both tibialis anterior and tibialis posterior

29
Q

Describe the insertion of tibialis posterior?

A

Medial cunieform and base of first metatarsal

(same as tibialis anterior)

30
Q

Describe the arrangement of structures that pass beneath the flexor retinaculum?

A

TOM DICK AND VERY NAUGHTY HARRY

Medial malleolus to calcaneus: Tibialis posterior, FDL, posterior tibial artery, posterior tibial vein, tibial nerve, FHL

31
Q

Describe how FDL and FHL are positioned relative to each other along their pathways?

A

FDL tendon lies above FHL tendon in flexor retinaculum

FDL passes over FHL tendon to reach smaller toes

Locomotor (28 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions