thorax one and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

which ribs are the true ribs

A

1-7

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2
Q

which ribs are the false ribs

A

8-10

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3
Q

which ribs are the floating ribs

A

11 and 12

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4
Q

which ribs are atypical

A

1, 2, 10, 11, 12

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5
Q

why is rib 1 atypical

A

articulates only with T1 and doesn’t have an angle

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6
Q

why is rib 2 atypical

A

has large tuberosity

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7
Q

why is rib 10 atypical

A

single costovertebral articulation (otherwise typical)

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8
Q

why are ribs 11 and 12 atypical

A

articulates only with corresponding vertebral body, no neck or tubercles

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9
Q

what type of sternochondral articulation does rib 1 have

A

synchondrosis/non-synovial

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10
Q

what type of sternochondral articulation do ribs 2-7 have

A

synovial articulations

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11
Q

what are the 3 typical posterior rib articulations

A

costotransverse and 2 costovertbral joints (superior and inferior)

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12
Q

what are the accessory muscles

A

SCM, scalene, pec major and minor, levator costarum, serrates posterior superior, serratus anterior, iliocostalis, latissimus doors

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13
Q

what muscles are involved in active breathing

A

intercostals internis, rectus abdominis, obliques (internal and external), transverses abdominis

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14
Q

which ribs are the pump-handle ribs

A

primarily ribs 1-5

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15
Q

which ribs are the bucket-handle motion ribs

A

primarily ribs 6-10

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16
Q

which ribs are the caliper motion ribs

A

primarily ribs 11 & 12

17
Q

what plane are the bucket handle ribs mostly moving in

A

coronal plane

18
Q

what axis are the bucket handle ribs moving in

A

costovertebral-costosternal line

19
Q

what axis do the caliper-motion ribs move in

A

vertical line axis

20
Q

what plan do the caliper motion ribs move in

A

horizontal plane

21
Q

what are the borders of the anatomical inlet

A

manubrium, 1st rib bilaterally and T1

22
Q

what are the borders of the functional inlet

A

manubrium with angle of louis, first 2 ribs bilaterally and T1-4

23
Q

what are the borders of the thoracic outlet

A

clavicle, 1st ribs and scapula

24
Q

what rib is at the midclavicular line for the lung and the parietal pleura

A

lung is 6th rib and parietal pleura is 8th rib

25
what rib is at the midaxillary line for the lung and the parietal pleura
lung is at 8th rib and parietal pleura is at 10th rib
26
what rib is at the midscapular line for the lung and the parietal pleura
lung is at 10th rib and parietal pleura is at 12th rib (and 12th thoracic vertebra)
27
what emotions are important for influencing the cerebral cortex
anger, fear, anxiety
28
what is the major visceral motor control center
hypothalamus
29
what do the midbrain, pons and medulla oblongata contain nuclei for
cardiac and vasomotor control, salivation, swallowing, sweating, bladder control and pupillary changes
30
compare pre and post ganglia in sympathetic and parasympathetic
sympathetic has short pre and long post; parasympathetic has long pre and short post
31
what are the sympathetic levels for the Upper GI tract
T5-T9
32
what are the sympathetic levels for the middle GI tract
T10-T11
33
what are the sympathetic levels for lower GI tract
T12-L2
34
what are the sympathetic levels for the head and neck
T1-4
35
what are the sympathetic levels for the heart
T2-T5
36
what are the sympathetic levels for the respiratory
T2-T7
37
what are the sympathetic levels for the esophagus
T2-8
38
what is the name of palpable vibrations that transmit from the bronchopulmonary tree to the chest wall with speech
Tactile fremitus