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MRCS > Thorax and Abdomen Anatomy > Flashcards

Thorax and Abdomen Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior surface of the heart is formed by?

A

Right atrium and right ventricule and left ventricle

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2
Q

Posterior surface of the heart is formed by?

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

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3
Q

Inferior surface of the heart forned by?

A

Right ventricle and part of left ventricle at apex

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4
Q

Right border of heart (stab injury aty right side of sternum) - which part of heart injured

A

Right atrium

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5
Q

Left border of heart formed by

A

Mostly left ventricle

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6
Q

Left coronary artery passes behind

A

Pulmonary trunk

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7
Q

Right coronary artery originates from

A

Anterior aortic sinus

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8
Q

Left coronary artery originates from

A

Left posterior aortic sinus

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9
Q

Not contained in posterior mediastinum

A

Vertebral bodies

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10
Q

The oesophagus has no…

A

Serosa layer

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11
Q

Patient has left superior vena cava, where will it drain?

A

Into the coronary sinus

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12
Q

Great cardiac veins runs into where?

A

Anterior interventricular sulcus

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13
Q

Where does the great cardiac vein drain into?

A

Coronary sinus

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14
Q

Unpaired branches of abdominal aorta and their levels?

A

Coeliac (T12)
SMA (L1)
IMA (L3)
Median sacral (L4)

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15
Q

What does the right testicular vein drain into?

A

IVC

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16
Q

Wehere does the left testicular vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

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17
Q

What is the right gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?

A

Gastro-duodenal artery

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18
Q

What is the left gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?

A

Splenic artery

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19
Q

What is the gastro-duodenal artery a branch from?

A

Hepatic artery

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20
Q

Where does right gastric artery come from?

A

Hepatic artery

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21
Q

Where does left gastric artery come from?

A

Coeliac trunk

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22
Q

What does gut rotation occur around?

A

SMA

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23
Q

Where do short gastric veins drain into?

A

Splenic vein

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24
Q

What do splenic vessels pass thorugh?

A

Lieno-Renal ligament

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25
What do the left and right gastric veins drain into?
Portal vein
25
What do the short gastric vessels pass through?
Splenic vein
26
What does the right gastroepiploic vein drain into?
SMV
27
Where does the cystic artery of gall bladder come from?
Right hepatic artery
28
What are two important branches of the common hepatic artery?
Gastroduodenal artery and hepatic proper
29
What is the blood supply to the upper 1/3 of the oesophagus?
Inferior thyroid artery
30
Large vessel is identified during Whipple procedure - what is it?
SMA
31
What does the inferior mesenteric vein drain into?
Splenic vein
32
Splenic vein and SMV vein join and forms what?
Portal vein
33
Bleeding gastric ulcer at the anterior wall of the greater curvature. What is the artery involved?
Right gastroepiploic artery
34
What is true regarding the lesser sac?
The portal vein is in its anterior free edge
35
What is not in relation with the 3rd part of the duodenum?
Tail of pancreas
36
Which artery is involved with a bleeding posterior duodenal ulcer?
Gastro-duodenal ulcer
37
What is the medial boundary of Callot's triangle?
Hepatic duct
38
What is in direct risk of injury during a Pringles manouvre?
CBD
39
What artery supplies the cystic duct?
Cystic artery
40
What artery supplies the CBD?
Hepatic artery
41
Which vessel passes in front of uncinate process of pancreas?
SMA
42
What is anterior to the neck of the pancreas?
Pyloroduodenal junction?
43
What is the posterior relation of the body of the pancreas?
Left crus of diaphragm
44
Left renal vein relation to SMA?
Posterior
45
Postyerior relation to both 1st and 3rd part of duodenum
IVC
46
Left renal vein relation to left renal artery at hilum?
Artery is posterior
47
Anterior relation of right suprarenal gland
IVC and liver
48
Posterior relation to the right suprarenal gland?
Right crus of the diaphragm
49
Anterior relation to the left suprarenal gland?
Stomach
50
Veins decend anterior to the ureters?
Gonadal veins
51
Nerve injury after Grridirons incision
Illio-inguinal nerve
52
Nerve injury after inguinal hernal surgery
Illio-inguinal nerve
53
While giving local anaesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery, which nerve injury?
Femoral nerve
54
Nerve injury after anterior resection of abdomino-perineal excision
Hypogastric plexus
55
Erectile dysfunction after abdominal surgery?
Sphlanchnic nerve injury
56
Fecal incontinence after normal delivery?
Pudendal nerve
57
During ligation of short gastric arteries for splenectomy. Which organ can be injured?
Tail of pancreas
58
What is superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?
Gastroduodenal artery branching from common hepatic
59
What is inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?
SMA
60
What is the greater pancreatic artery from?
Splenic artery
61
Umbilical area lymphatic drainage
Above umbilicus - axillary LNB Below umbilicus - inguinal LN
62
Anterior border of epiploic foramen
In the free edge of the lesser omentum Bile duct to the right, portal vein behind and hepatic artery to the left
63
Posterior border of epiploic foramen
Inferior vena cava
64
Inferior border of epiploic foramen
1st part of the duodenum
65
Superior border of epiploic foramen
Caudate process of the liver
66
What is Pringles manouvre and what does it block?
Occludes anterior part of epiploic foramen with clamp Occludes: Common bile duct Hepatic artery Portal vein
67
What are branches of the coeliac trunk?
Left Hand Side (LHS) Left gastric Hepatic Splenic
68
What needs to be divided in splenic exploration?
Short gastric vessels
69
What needs to be mobilised in splenic exploration?
Splenic flexture
70
Which structure lies most posteriorly at the porta hepatis?
Portal vein
71
You excitedly embark on your first laparoscopic cholecystectomy and during the operation the anatomy of Calots triangle is more hostile than anticipated. Whilst trying to apply a haemostatic clip you avulse the cystic artery. This is followed by brisk haemorrhage. From which source is this most likely to originate?
Right hepatic Cystic artery is branch of right hepatic
72
Parasympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?
Contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal sphincter.
73
Sympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?
Relaxation of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal sphincter

MRCS (24 decks)

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