Thorax and Abdomen Anatomy Flashcards
Anterior surface of the heart is formed by?
Right atrium and right ventricule and left ventricle
Posterior surface of the heart is formed by?
Left atrium and left ventricle
Inferior surface of the heart forned by?
Right ventricle and part of left ventricle at apex
Right border of heart (stab injury aty right side of sternum) - which part of heart injured
Right atrium
Left border of heart formed by
Mostly left ventricle
Left coronary artery passes behind
Pulmonary trunk
Right coronary artery originates from
Anterior aortic sinus
Left coronary artery originates from
Left posterior aortic sinus
Not contained in posterior mediastinum
Vertebral bodies
The oesophagus has no…
Serosa layer
Patient has left superior vena cava, where will it drain?
Into the coronary sinus
Great cardiac veins runs into where?
Anterior interventricular sulcus
Where does the great cardiac vein drain into?
Coronary sinus
Unpaired branches of abdominal aorta and their levels?
Coeliac (T12)
SMA (L1)
IMA (L3)
Median sacral (L4)
What does the right testicular vein drain into?
IVC
Wehere does the left testicular vein drain into?
Left renal vein
What is the right gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?
Gastro-duodenal artery
What is the left gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?
Splenic artery
What is the gastro-duodenal artery a branch from?
Hepatic artery
Where does right gastric artery come from?
Hepatic artery
Where does left gastric artery come from?
Coeliac trunk
What does gut rotation occur around?
SMA
Where do short gastric veins drain into?
Splenic vein
What do splenic vessels pass thorugh?
Lieno-Renal ligament
What do the left and right gastric veins drain into?
Portal vein
What do the short gastric vessels pass through?
Splenic vein
What does the right gastroepiploic vein drain into?
SMV
Where does the cystic artery of gall bladder come from?
Right hepatic artery
What are two important branches of the common hepatic artery?
Gastroduodenal artery and hepatic proper
What is the blood supply to the upper 1/3 of the oesophagus?
Inferior thyroid artery
Large vessel is identified during Whipple procedure - what is it?
SMA
What does the inferior mesenteric vein drain into?
Splenic vein
Splenic vein and SMV vein join and forms what?
Portal vein
Bleeding gastric ulcer at the anterior wall of the greater curvature. What is the artery involved?
Right gastroepiploic artery
What is true regarding the lesser sac?
The portal vein is in its anterior free edge
What is not in relation with the 3rd part of the duodenum?
Tail of pancreas
Which artery is involved with a bleeding posterior duodenal ulcer?
Gastro-duodenal ulcer
What is the medial boundary of Callot’s triangle?
Hepatic duct
What is in direct risk of injury during a Pringles manouvre?
CBD
What artery supplies the cystic duct?
Cystic artery
What artery supplies the CBD?
Hepatic artery
Which vessel passes in front of uncinate process of pancreas?
SMA
What is anterior to the neck of the pancreas?
Pyloroduodenal junction?
What is the posterior relation of the body of the pancreas?
Left crus of diaphragm
Left renal vein relation to SMA?
Posterior
Postyerior relation to both 1st and 3rd part of duodenum
IVC
Left renal vein relation to left renal artery at hilum?
Artery is posterior
Anterior relation of right suprarenal gland
IVC and liver
Posterior relation to the right suprarenal gland?
Right crus of the diaphragm
Anterior relation to the left suprarenal gland?
Stomach
Veins decend anterior to the ureters?
Gonadal veins
Nerve injury after Grridirons incision
Illio-inguinal nerve
Nerve injury after inguinal hernal surgery
Illio-inguinal nerve
While giving local anaesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery, which nerve injury?
Femoral nerve
Nerve injury after anterior resection of abdomino-perineal excision
Hypogastric plexus
Erectile dysfunction after abdominal surgery?
Sphlanchnic nerve injury
Fecal incontinence after normal delivery?
Pudendal nerve
During ligation of short gastric arteries for splenectomy. Which organ can be injured?
Tail of pancreas
What is superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?
Gastroduodenal artery branching from common hepatic
What is inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?
SMA
What is the greater pancreatic artery from?
Splenic artery
Umbilical area lymphatic drainage
Above umbilicus - axillary LNB
Below umbilicus - inguinal LN
Anterior border of epiploic foramen
In the free edge of the lesser omentum
Bile duct to the right, portal vein behind and hepatic artery to the left
Posterior border of epiploic foramen
Inferior vena cava
Inferior border of epiploic foramen
1st part of the duodenum
Superior border of epiploic foramen
Caudate process of the liver
What is Pringles manouvre and what does it block?
Occludes anterior part of epiploic foramen with clamp
Occludes:
Common bile duct
Hepatic artery
Portal vein
What are branches of the coeliac trunk?
Left Hand Side (LHS)
Left gastric
Hepatic
Splenic
What needs to be divided in splenic exploration?
Short gastric vessels
What needs to be mobilised in splenic exploration?
Splenic flexture
Which structure lies most posteriorly at the porta hepatis?
Portal vein
You excitedly embark on your first laparoscopic cholecystectomy and during the operation the anatomy of Calots triangle is more hostile than anticipated. Whilst trying to apply a haemostatic clip you avulse the cystic artery. This is followed by brisk haemorrhage. From which source is this most likely to originate?
Right hepatic
Cystic artery is branch of right hepatic
Parasympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?
Contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal sphincter.
Sympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?
Relaxation of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal sphincter
