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MRCS > Thorax and Abdomen Anatomy > Flashcards

Thorax and Abdomen Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Anterior surface of the heart is formed by?

A

Right atrium and right ventricule and left ventricle

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2
Q

Posterior surface of the heart is formed by?

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

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3
Q

Inferior surface of the heart forned by?

A

Right ventricle and part of left ventricle at apex

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4
Q

Right border of heart (stab injury aty right side of sternum) - which part of heart injured

A

Right atrium

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5
Q

Left border of heart formed by

A

Mostly left ventricle

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6
Q

Left coronary artery passes behind

A

Pulmonary trunk

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7
Q

Right coronary artery originates from

A

Anterior aortic sinus

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8
Q

Left coronary artery originates from

A

Left posterior aortic sinus

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9
Q

Not contained in posterior mediastinum

A

Vertebral bodies

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10
Q

The oesophagus has no…

A

Serosa layer

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11
Q

Patient has left superior vena cava, where will it drain?

A

Into the coronary sinus

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12
Q

Great cardiac veins runs into where?

A

Anterior interventricular sulcus

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13
Q

Where does the great cardiac vein drain into?

A

Coronary sinus

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14
Q

Unpaired branches of abdominal aorta and their levels?

A

Coeliac (T12)
SMA (L1)
IMA (L3)
Median sacral (L4)

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15
Q

What does the right testicular vein drain into?

A

IVC

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16
Q

Wehere does the left testicular vein drain into?

A

Left renal vein

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17
Q

What is the right gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?

A

Gastro-duodenal artery

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18
Q

What is the left gastro-epiploic artery a branch from?

A

Splenic artery

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19
Q

What is the gastro-duodenal artery a branch from?

A

Hepatic artery

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20
Q

Where does right gastric artery come from?

A

Hepatic artery

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21
Q

Where does left gastric artery come from?

A

Coeliac trunk

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22
Q

What does gut rotation occur around?

A

SMA

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23
Q

Where do short gastric veins drain into?

A

Splenic vein

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24
Q

What do splenic vessels pass thorugh?

A

Lieno-Renal ligament

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25
Q

What do the left and right gastric veins drain into?

A

Portal vein

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25
Q

What do the short gastric vessels pass through?

A

Splenic vein

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26
Q

What does the right gastroepiploic vein drain into?

A

SMV

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27
Q

Where does the cystic artery of gall bladder come from?

A

Right hepatic artery

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28
Q

What are two important branches of the common hepatic artery?

A

Gastroduodenal artery and hepatic proper

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29
Q

What is the blood supply to the upper 1/3 of the oesophagus?

A

Inferior thyroid artery

30
Q

Large vessel is identified during Whipple procedure - what is it?

A

SMA

31
Q

What does the inferior mesenteric vein drain into?

A

Splenic vein

32
Q

Splenic vein and SMV vein join and forms what?

A

Portal vein

33
Q

Bleeding gastric ulcer at the anterior wall of the greater curvature. What is the artery involved?

A

Right gastroepiploic artery

34
Q

What is true regarding the lesser sac?

A

The portal vein is in its anterior free edge

35
Q

What is not in relation with the 3rd part of the duodenum?

A

Tail of pancreas

36
Q

Which artery is involved with a bleeding posterior duodenal ulcer?

A

Gastro-duodenal ulcer

37
Q

What is the medial boundary of Callot’s triangle?

A

Hepatic duct

38
Q

What is in direct risk of injury during a Pringles manouvre?

A

CBD

39
Q

What artery supplies the cystic duct?

A

Cystic artery

40
Q

What artery supplies the CBD?

A

Hepatic artery

41
Q

Which vessel passes in front of uncinate process of pancreas?

A

SMA

42
Q

What is anterior to the neck of the pancreas?

A

Pyloroduodenal junction?

43
Q

What is the posterior relation of the body of the pancreas?

A

Left crus of diaphragm

44
Q

Left renal vein relation to SMA?

A

Posterior

45
Q

Postyerior relation to both 1st and 3rd part of duodenum

A

IVC

46
Q

Left renal vein relation to left renal artery at hilum?

A

Artery is posterior

47
Q

Anterior relation of right suprarenal gland

A

IVC and liver

48
Q

Posterior relation to the right suprarenal gland?

A

Right crus of the diaphragm

49
Q

Anterior relation to the left suprarenal gland?

A

Stomach

50
Q

Veins decend anterior to the ureters?

A

Gonadal veins

51
Q

Nerve injury after Grridirons incision

A

Illio-inguinal nerve

52
Q

Nerve injury after inguinal hernal surgery

A

Illio-inguinal nerve

53
Q

While giving local anaesthesia for inguinal hernia surgery, which nerve injury?

A

Femoral nerve

54
Q

Nerve injury after anterior resection of abdomino-perineal excision

A

Hypogastric plexus

55
Q

Erectile dysfunction after abdominal surgery?

A

Sphlanchnic nerve injury

56
Q

Fecal incontinence after normal delivery?

A

Pudendal nerve

57
Q

During ligation of short gastric arteries for splenectomy. Which organ can be injured?

A

Tail of pancreas

58
Q

What is superior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?

A

Gastroduodenal artery branching from common hepatic

59
Q

What is inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery from?

A

SMA

60
Q

What is the greater pancreatic artery from?

A

Splenic artery

61
Q

Umbilical area lymphatic drainage

A

Above umbilicus - axillary LNB
Below umbilicus - inguinal LN

62
Q

Anterior border of epiploic foramen

A

In the free edge of the lesser omentum
Bile duct to the right, portal vein behind and hepatic artery to the left

63
Q

Posterior border of epiploic foramen

A

Inferior vena cava

64
Q

Inferior border of epiploic foramen

A

1st part of the duodenum

65
Q

Superior border of epiploic foramen

A

Caudate process of the liver

66
Q

What is Pringles manouvre and what does it block?

A

Occludes anterior part of epiploic foramen with clamp
Occludes:
Common bile duct
Hepatic artery
Portal vein

67
Q

What are branches of the coeliac trunk?

A

Left Hand Side (LHS)

Left gastric
Hepatic
Splenic

68
Q

What needs to be divided in splenic exploration?

A

Short gastric vessels

69
Q

What needs to be mobilised in splenic exploration?

A

Splenic flexture

70
Q

Which structure lies most posteriorly at the porta hepatis?

A

Portal vein

71
Q

You excitedly embark on your first laparoscopic cholecystectomy and during the operation the anatomy of Calots triangle is more hostile than anticipated. Whilst trying to apply a haemostatic clip you avulse the cystic artery. This is followed by brisk haemorrhage. From which source is this most likely to originate?

A

Right hepatic

Cystic artery is branch of right hepatic

72
Q

Parasympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?

A

Contraction of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal sphincter.

73
Q

Sympathetic fibres effect on detrusor and internal sphincter?

A

Relaxation of the detrusor muscle and contraction of the internal sphincter

MRCS (24 decks)

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