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MRCS > Limbs Anatomy > Flashcards

Limbs Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Posterior triangle of neck contains which part of brachial plexus?

A

Division

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2
Q

Axilla contains which part of the brachial plexus?

A

Cords and branches

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3
Q

Suprascapular and transverse cervical artery are branches of what?

A

Thyrocervical trunk

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4
Q

Enlarged left subclavicular lymph nodes - diagnosis?

A

Gastric cancer

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5
Q

Muscle initiate shoulder abduction

A

Supraspinatous.

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6
Q

Radial head articulates with

A

Capitulum

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7
Q

Radial head is enclosed in

A

Annular ligament

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8
Q

Pt can’t flex Distal Phalanx, which tendon injured?

A

FDP

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9
Q

Adductor pollicus muscle is supplied by

A

Ulnar nerve

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10
Q

Abductor polices Brevis of hand Is supplied by which nerve?

A

Median nerve

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11
Q

Pt’s hand on table can’t lift thumb to ceiling, which muscle injured?

A

Abductor pollicis brevis

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12
Q

Pt injured in the wrist on medial side. During Froment’s test, pt does abnormal pinching by flexing his thumb. Which muscle injured?

A

Adductor pollicus

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13
Q

Thenar Muscle supplied by

A

Median nerve (except for adductor pollicus)

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14
Q

Hypothenar Muscle supplied by

A

Ulnar nerve

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15
Q

In carpal tunnel release what muscle encountered superficial to it?

A

Palmaris longus

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16
Q

Scaphoid gets blood supply from

A

Radial artery at distal end
Proximal part of scaphoid fractures likely to have avascular necrosis

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17
Q

Relation of the ulnar n. to the ulnar a

A

Nerve is lateral to artery

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18
Q

Relation of the Median n. to the brachiaI a

A

Lateral, anterior, then medial

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19
Q

After axillary clearance, when she pick up a knife, her wrist flexes

A

Posterior cord injury

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20
Q

Axillary n. injury, the deltoid ms is affected, 2nd ms affected

A

Teres minor

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21
Q

Wrist Injury + Thenar imminence atrophy

A

Median nerve injury

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22
Q

Nerve specific for opposition

A

Recurrent branch of median nerve

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23
Q

Loss of thumb adduction

A

Deep ulnar nerve

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24
Q

Muscle extending the thumb

A

Extensor policis longus and brevis

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25
Q

Muscle abducting the thumb over palm

A

Abductor poliicus brevis

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26
Q

Loss of the little and ring finger movements, which nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

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27
Q

Loss of interossei of the 4th finger, which nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

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28
Q

Mid shaft humeral fracture/spiral groove fracture, which nerve at risk?

A

Radial nerve

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29
Q

Loss of sensation over the medial part of the hand, which nerve

A

Ulnar nerve

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30
Q

Patient cannot lift his hand from the table and cannot extend the DIP of the thumb

A

Radial nerve/posterior interosseus nerve

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31
Q

Loss of pincer movement of the thumb and the index when writing, sensation normal

A

Anterior interosseous nerve

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32
Q

Structures in the delto-pectoral groove you will meet during dissesction

A

Cephalic v.
Thoracoacromial a
Lateral pectoral n.

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33
Q

In clavical middle 1/3 # most likely to be injured

A

Subclavian vein

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34
Q

Origin of supraspintus, infraspinatus and teres minor

A

Dorsal aspect of scapula

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35
Q

Muscle with origin from ventral aspect of scapula

A

Subscapularis

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36
Q

Bicep attachment to humerus

A

Short head: supraglenoid tubercle
Long head: coracoid process.

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37
Q

Tricep attachment to humerus

A

lnfragelonid tubercle

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38
Q

Anatomical snuffbox bounderies

A

Post or Ulnar or Medial: Extensor pollicis longus
Ant or Radial or Lateral: Abductor pollicis longus + Extensor polllcls brevls.

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39
Q

Relation of Extensor indicis to the Extensor digitorum is

A

Deep and Ulnar.

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40
Q

Pt has complete loss of elbow extension after having deep wound on the back of arm

A

Ruptured triceps tendon

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41
Q

Pt fell out on stretched hand, carpal bone pain

A

Lunate dislocation.

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42
Q

Injury to hamate/pisiform will affect

A

Ulnar side flexor digiturom profundus

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43
Q

Complete loss of elbow extension and wrist extension after lacerated wound 6 cm above elbow, which nerve?

A

Raidal nerve

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44
Q

Supracondyler fracture with absent pulse

A

BrachiaI Artery Injury

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45
Q

Injury to upper limb with mild claw hand

A

Ulnar nerve at elbow

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46
Q

Injury to upper limb with marked claw

A

Ulnar nerve at wrist

47
Q

Subclavian Steal syndrome is due to

A

Obstruction in subclacian A
Diagnosied on Dupplex.

48
Q

Numbness on the lat. aspect of the forearm, which ms will be affected as well

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

(Musculocutaneous nerve)

49
Q

While the palm is on the table, the patient is unable to take his thumb from the table

A

Extensor polllcis longus & brevis tendon.

50
Q

The hand is on the table, and he is unable to bring the thumb to 90 degrees

A

Abductor pollicis brevis ms tendon

51
Q

Cephalic vein course to arm

A

Runs In lateral side & joins axillary vein later

52
Q

Basilic vien course

A

Runs in medial side & continue as axillary vein
Joins with median cubital vein at elbow

53
Q

Quadrangular space contents

A

Axillary Nerve and posterior circumflex vessels.

54
Q

Tringular space contents

A

Radial nerve
Prounda brachii artery
Circumflex scapular Artery

55
Q

Contents of cubital fossa from medial to lateral

A

Median nerve
Brachial artery
Bicep tendon

56
Q

Dupytren’s contrcture is due to

A

Contraction of palmar aponeurosis

57
Q

What is the axillary artery divided by?

58
Q

Branches of Axillary A

A

1st: Superior thoracic A
2nd: Thoracoacromial A & Lat thoracic A
3rd: Subscapular A and 2 cicufmlex humeral As.

59
Q

Pt has cholycystitis and came with pain in shoulder tip. What is the cause?

A

Subphrenic abcess
Phrenic nerve, C4 gives sensory to shoulder

60
Q

Pt injured his neck in football or accident come with waiter’s tip deformity

A

Upper trunk (C5,6)

61
Q

Pt has claw hand and horner’s syndrome and paresthesia in med 3.5 fingers

A

Lower trunk (C8,T1)

62
Q

Brachial plexuses medial cord main terminal branch

A

Ulnar nerve

63
Q

Brachial plexus posterior cord main terminal branch

A

Axillary nerve

64
Q

Pt can’t extend elbow has wrist and finger drop. N involved

A

Radial injury at axilla
(Saturday night palsy)

65
Q

Pt has finger drop only can’t extend fingers or thumb no sensory deficit. N involved

A

PIN branch of Radial Nerve

66
Q

Pt has numbness on lateral forearm. N involved

A

Musculocutaenous nerve

67
Q

Pt can’t do OK sign can’t flex thumb and index, sensation intact. N involved

A

AIN of median nerve

68
Q

What is brachioradialis supplied by?

A

Radial nerve

69
Q

Foot Cuboid bone distal articulation

A

4th and 5th metatarsals

70
Q

Foot cuneiforms bone distal articulation

A

1st 2nd 3rd metatarsals

71
Q

Structure passes in lesser sciatic foramen

A

Obturator N./Tendon
PudendaI N/vessels

72
Q

Greater sciatic foramen transmits nerve supply to

A

Tensor fascialata, Gluteus Muscle, Hamstrings and Perianal Ms.

73
Q

M inserted in greater trochanter of femor

A

Gluteus medius and minimus

74
Q

M inserted in lesser trochanteric of femor

A

Psoas major

75
Q

Borders of the femoral ring

A

Anterior: Inguinal ligament
Posterior: Pectineus
Medial: Lacunar ligament
Lateral: Femoral vein

76
Q

Pt has hernia below and lateral to pubic tubercle

A

Femoral hernia
Emergency due to risk of strangulation

77
Q

Popliteal fossa: Most superficial

A

Tibial nerve

78
Q

Popliteal fossa: Most deep

A

Popliteal artery

79
Q

Popliteal fossa: Most lateral

A

Common peroneal nerve

80
Q

During hip arthroplasty, the surgeon noticed an artery is running on the superior border of pectineus

A

Inferior gluteal artery

81
Q

Adductor/hunter canal borders

A

Roof: Sartorius
Floor: Adductus magnus M
Lat walls: Vastus medialis

82
Q

Nerve supply to the adductors of the hip and is stimulated during TURP

A

Obturator nerve

83
Q

Structures passing below behind the piriformis in the greater sciatic notch

A

Sciatic nerve

84
Q

N. injury causing waddling (trendlenberg) gait

A

Superior gluteal nerve

85
Q

During an ovarian mass removal, or pelvic surgery, Inner thigh numbness

A

Obturator nerve injury

86
Q

N. injury during post hip approach

A

Sciatic nerve

87
Q

N.injury during distal femoral approach (or# in neck of Fibula)

A

Common peroneal nerve

88
Q

Injury in lower end of fibula

A

Pott’s fracture

89
Q

Nerve emerges at the lower border of the psoas major ms. causing numbness over the thigh

A

Lateral cutaneous nerve of the thigh

90
Q

Patient has foot drop. N. involved.

A

Sciatic or Common peroneal or Deep peroneal n.

91
Q

Loss of sensation over the 1st web space

A

Deep peroneal nerve

92
Q

Loss of sensation over the medial leg

A

Saphenous nerve

93
Q

During the medial ankle approach, which n. will be affected

A

Saphenous nerve

94
Q

Surgery to the short saphenous vein, which n will be affected

A

Sural nerve

95
Q

Knee scope then sensory loss just below the knee on the medial aspect

A

Infra-patellar branch

96
Q

Anterior compartment syndrome of the leg, the pain is present with planter flexion of the big toe, associated numbness will be in?

A

1st web space
Sensory for DPN

97
Q

Patient injured fibular bone#, loss of eversion movement of ankle

A

Superficial peroneal nerve

98
Q

Patient has pain with planter flexion after tibial fracture. Dx

A

Anterior compartment syndrome

99
Q

Tendon posterior to lateral malleous prone to injury

A

Peroneus Brevis

100
Q

Nerve supplies to the thigh

A

Medial: Obturator nerve
Anterior: Lateral cutaneous nerve of femoral nerve
Posterior: Sciatic nerve

101
Q

Nerve supply of legs

A

Anterior extensors: Deep Peroneal N
Lateral compartment: Superficial Peroneal
Posterior flexors: Tibial N

102
Q

Superficial peroneal N supplies

A

Lateral Compartment (peroneus longus M & peroneus Brevis M) and lateral & dorsum of foot except 1st web space.

103
Q

Deep Peroneal N supplies

A

Anterior compartment + First dorsal web space

104
Q

The only sensory nerve of leg that is not part of sciatic

A

Saphenous N from Femoral nerve

105
Q

Pt had injury and is unable to extend his knees. Ms affected

A

Quadricep femoris M

106
Q

Commonest site of peripheral aneurysm

A

Popliteal artery

107
Q

Lymph Drainage of fascia-lata

A

To Deep inguinal nodes

108
Q

Course of posterior Tibial A

A

Midway btw Medial mallous and tendocalceneous

109
Q

Course of anterior Tibial A

A

It continues as dorsalis pedis lateral to extensor hallucis longus tendon.

110
Q

Pt twisted his ankle on inversion most likely ligament injured

A

Anterior talofibular lig. and Calceneofibular lig.

111
Q

Pt had accident leg shortened, adducted & internally rotated. Dx

A

Posterior hip dislocation (sciatic nerve
injury involved).

112
Q

During the dissection of the saphenofemoral junction, which structure is most liable to injury?

A

Deep external pudendal artery (runs under long saphenous vein close to origin)

113
Q

What are the structures which attach to greater trochanter?

A

Muscle attachment on greater trochanter is POGO:
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli
Obturator externus

114
Q

When the brachial plexus is injured in the axilla as a result of a crutch palsy, which nerve is most commonly affected?

MRCS (24 decks)

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