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HNS Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What is the first branch of the internal carotid artery?

A

Ophthalmic artery

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2
Q

Numbness over the lower lip after tooth extraction - which nerve?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

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3
Q

Loss of general sensation at the side/anterior of the tongue - which nerve?

A

Lingual nerve

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4
Q

Submandibular gland injury and patient tongue deviation - which nerve?

A

Hypoglossal nerve

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5
Q

Nerve injury during submandibular gland surgery near the duct

A

Lingual nerve

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6
Q

Most common nerve injury in the cavernous sinus?

A

Abducens

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7
Q

Site of origin of vagus and CN9 nerve?

A

Medulla

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8
Q

Unilateral soft palate and tongue reduced sensation, site of origin of involved cranial nerve?

A

Medulla

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9
Q

Which cranial nerve does not contain parasympathetic fibres?

A

Optic nerve

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10
Q

Origin of occulomotor nerve?

A

Midbrain

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11
Q

Numbness at the chin - nerve involved?

A

Mental nerve (branch of inferior alveolar nerve)

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12
Q

Numbness over the cheek - which nerve?

A

Infraorbital nerve

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13
Q

Nerve supplying forehead above eye?

A

Supra-orbital nerve

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14
Q

Numbness over the lower lip - which nerve?

A

Inferior alveolar nerve

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15
Q

Numbness over lower lip and paralysis of muscles of mastication - which nerve?

A

V3 (Mandibular branch of trigeminal)

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16
Q

With intracranial haemorrhage/increased internal cranial pressure - which nerve?

A

Abducens

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17
Q

Single test to differentiate between UMNL and LMNL for facial nerve

A

Inability of eyebrow elevation

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18
Q

Nerve injury to parotid gland during surgery?

A

Facial nerve

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19
Q

Nerve injury during parotid glad surgery with drooping of the lip and asymmetric smile?

A

Marginal mandibular branch of facial nerve

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20
Q

Nerve injury during superficial dissection of the parotid gland?

A

Great auricular nerve

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21
Q

Hoarseness of voice following thyroidectomy

A

Vagus nerve (recurrent laryngeal nerve)

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22
Q

Which nerve gives motor supply to the trapexius and sternocleidomastoid

A

Accessory nerve

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23
Q

Nerve injury in the posterior triangle of neck

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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24
Q

Patient unable to shrug shoulder - which nerve?

A

Spinal accessory nerve

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25
Patient with torticollis - which nerve?
Spinal accessory nerve
26
After endarterectomy, the patient had deviated tongue - which nerve?
Hypoglossal
27
Numbness at the angle of the lower jaw - which nerve?
Greater auricular nerve (C2-3)
28
All of the following pass through the superior orbital fissure except
Ophthalmic artery
29
What does the ophthalmic artery pass through?
Optic canal
30
What does the maxillary nerve passes through?
Foramen rotundum
31
What does the mandibular nerve pass through
Foramen ovale
32
What does C9, 10, 11 pass through?
Jugular foramen
33
What does the middle meningeal artery pass through?
Foramen Spinosum
34
What does the internal carotid artery pass through?
Foramen lacerum
35
What does the hypoglossal nnerve pass through
Hypoglossal canal
36
What does the ophthalmic nerve pass through?
Superior orbital fissue
37
In a cerebello-pontine angle lesion, what is the lesion and affected nerves?
Acoustic nmeuroma which affects CN 7, 8
38
The patient hit on the vertex, which sinus is affected?
Superior sagittal sinus
39
What is the vertebral artery is a branch from?
Subclavian artery
40
What does the verterbral artery pass through?
Foramen transversium of C6
41
Which vessel will be affected by a fracture of the middle third of the clavicle?
Subclavian vein
42
What are the branches of the internal carotid artery?
Ophthalmic artery Anterior choroidal artery Anterior cerebral artery Middle cerebral artery Posterior communicating artery
43
Stroke with ACA. Presentation?
Lower limb more affected
44
Nerve not contained in posterior triangle?
Ansa cervicalis 123
45
Phrenic nerve is in which triangle?
Posterior triangle of neck
46
During thyroidectomy, the infrahyoid muscules are divided where?
Upper part
47
Neurovascular structures in the parotid gland?
NVAN Facial nerve Retromantibular vein ECA and 2 terminal branches
48
Which muscles does pharyngeal pouch lie between?
Cricopharyngeous and thyropharyngeous through inferior constrictor
49
Ganglia responsible for lacrimation?
Sphenopalatine ganglion CN7
50
Where is the nucleus of the glossopharyngeal nerve located in?
Medulla
51
Where is the trigeminal nerve nucleus present?
Pons
52
What are the layer of the scalp?
Skin, connective tissue, aponeurosis, loose connective tissue, periosteum
53
What is the dangerous area of the scalp?
Extracranial in loose connective tissue Emissary veins connected to intracranial veins?
54
Sensory supply of scalp?
Cervical plexus (greater and lesser occipital nerve Trigeminal nerve
55
Internal carotid artery branches in neck?
No branches
56
Venous drainage of the scalp?
Facial vein
57
Muscles dividing triangle in posterior neck
Inferior belly of omohyoid
58
Structures passing in posterior triangle?
Nerves and plexus: Accessory nerve, cervical plexus, roots and trunks of brachial plexus, phrenic nerve Vessels: Subclavian artery (third part) and terminal part of external jugular vein Muscles: Inferior belly of omohyoid and 3 scalenes
59
Structures passing in anterior triangle?
Facial vessels, hypoglossal nerve, anterior jugular vein, carotid sheath, ansa cervicalis and strap muscules
60
What is in the carotid sheath
Common carotid artery, internal jugular, vagus
61
Tongue sensation and lymph drainage/metastasis of anterior 2/3?
Taste: Corda tympani Sensation: Lingual nerve Lymph: Tip to submental, anterior 2/3 to unilateral sub-mandibnular then deep cervical
62
Tongue sensation and lymph drainage/metastasis of posterior 2/3?
Glossopharangeal for sensation Drainage bilateral to upper deep cervical node
63
Submandibular Warthon duct opens in?
Frenulum in floor of mouth
64
Parotid Stenson's duct opens?
Opposite fo 2nd upper molar teeth
65
What is the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the right side
Hooks around the right subclavian artery
66
Superior thyroid artery and vein is from/drain into?
External carotid artery/drains into interior jugular vein
67
Inferior thyroid artery and vein is from/drain into?
Thyrocervical trunk of subclavian artery/drains into left brachiocephalic vein
68
What is the course of the recurrent laryngeal nerve on the left side?
Hooks around arch of aorta
69
What is the level of the hyoid bone?
C3
70
What is the level of the common carotid bifurcation?
C4
71
Level of the angle of louie and arch of aorta
T4
72
Level of pulsation of CCA and end of trachea
C6
73
Referred pain to ear during tonsillitis through?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
74
What does abducens supply?
Lateral rectus
75
What does trochlear supply?
Superior oblique
76
Prominent C-vertebra felt?
C7
77
Patient hears hyperacoustic sound - which nerve?
Facial nerve
78
Vertebral artery intracranial branch?
Posterior inferior cerebral artery
79
Which cerebellar branches do basilar artery give off?
Superior and anterior inferior cerebellar artery
80
Circle of Willins anastomosis between?
2 internal carotid arteries and basilar arteries
81
Source of bleeding during lumbar puncture?
Lumbar venous plexus
82
Cervical verterbra which has long bifid spine?
Axis (C2)
83
What does the dorsal root ganglion carry?
Sensory fibres
84
Enlarged lateral ventricles and the 3rd ventricle - diagnosis?
Aqueduct of salivius occlusion
85
Lateral horn of the dorsal spinal cord is part of which nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system
86
What is the last ligament to be encountered during lumbar puncture?
Ligamentum flavum
87
Order of ligaments encountered in LP?
Supraspinous ligament, interpinous, ligamentum flavum
88
CSF is collected from which space?
Subarachnoid space
89
CSF is absorbed in which plexus?
Arachnoid plexus
90
Disc hernation happens when...
Nucleus palposus herniates through a defect in annulous fibrosus
91
Bony mark iliac crest is at which level
L4-5
92
Adult spinal cords terminate at which level
L1
93
Paediatric spinal cords terminate at which level
L3
94
Spinal cord tract which carries sensation for motor signals?
Coricospinal
95
Spinal cord tract which carries sensation for pain and temperature?
Spinothalamic
96
What does lobe of ear drain into?
Superficial cervical nodes
97
Which nerve can be damaged in carotid exploration?
Hypoglossal

MRCS (24 decks)

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