Thoracic Vertebrae (Quiz 2/Test 2) Flashcards
What are the characteristics of the thoracic vertebrae?
-long, thin, angulated SP
-costal articular facets on body (superior and inferior demi facets)
-costal articular facets on the transverses (costal transverse facets)
What is the difference between typical and atypical thoracic vertebrae?
variations in rib articulations
What are the typical thoracic vertebrae?
T2-T8
What are the true ribs?
ribs 1-7
-direct attachment to sternum via costal cartilage
What are false ribs?
ribs 8-10
-indirect attachment to sternum via costal cartilage
-attached to TPs
What are floating ribs?
ribs 11/12
-not attached to sternum
-not attached to TPs
What shape is the body of thoracic vertebrae?
test q
heart shaped, concave sided cylinder
How many demi facets are there on thoracic vertebrae?
2 pairs of costal demi facets (1/2 facets)
Do the superior and inferior epiphysis of thoracic vertebrae have any features?
no, theyre flat and featureless
What does the posterior surface of thoracic vertebrae show?
basi-vertebral foramen
What shape are the superior demi facets and where are they located on thoracic vertebrae?
-small crescent shaped surfaces
-located on the postero-supero-lateral corner of the body
-may be slightly elevated
What shape are the inferior demi facets and where are they located on thoracic vertebrae?
-small crescent shaped surfaces
-located on the postero-infero-lateral corner of the body
-often slightly raised
Superior and inferior demi facets align where on thoracic vertebrae?
on successive vertebrae
-inferior demi facet aligns with the superior demi facet below
-forms full facet for articulation of a rib head
-rib number = same number as LOWER vertebra
What are the features of the pedicles on thoracic vertebrae?
-short thick vertical plates
-half as tall as body
-little or no superior pedicle notches
-deep inferior pedicle notches
-the notches form large oval IVFs facing directly laterally
Where do the pedicles of thoracic vertebrae project?
posteriorly from the upper corners of the body
Where do the pre-zygopophyses of thoracic vertebrae project?
posterosuperiorly from the top of the pedicles
What do the pre-zygopophyses of thoracic vertebrae form?
the posterior margins of the IVFs
What shape are the superior articular surfaces of thoracic vertebrae? What do they cover?
-flat smooth tall ovals
-cover the entire posterior surface of the pre-zygopophyses
Where do the superior articular surfaces of thoracic vertebrae face?
mainly posteriorly, slightly superolaterally
What are the characteristics of TPs on thoracic vertebrae?
-thick strong cylinders (wide base, narrow neck, bulbous distal head)
-act as support braces for ribs 1-10
Where do the TPs of thoracic vertebrae project?
-posterolaterally and superior from the LPJ
What shape are the costal transverse facets on thoracic vertebrae? Where are they found?
-round concave articular facet
-found on T1-10 TPs
-located on the anterior transverses in the upper thoracics
-located higher on the transverses in the lower thoracics
What do the costal transverse facets of thoracic vertebrae articulate with?
rib tubercles
What are the characteristics of laminae on thoracic vertebrae?
-very thick vertical plates of bone
-overlap the subjacent laminae (like roof shingles)
-meet/fuse (line of interlaminar fusion), form the base of the spinous
-marginal bony spikules are ligament attachments
-post zygopophyses has slight lateral flaring off of the laminae