thoracic cavity + spine Flashcards
which ribs are atypical
1,2,10,11,12
which membrane is closest to wall of the cavity/ribs and which is closets to the organ?
wall - parietal
organ - visceral
what is the serous cavity + function
-fluid filled cavity between parietal and visceral layers
-allows 2 layers to rub without friction - allows lungs to expand
what movement on rib cage do external intercostals do
increase rib cage diameter
what movement on rib cage do internal intercostals do
decrease rib cage diameter
what movement on rib cage do innermost intercostals do
decrease rib cage diameter
what is the neurovascular bundle comprised of and function
-nerve, artery, vein
-provide nutrients and innervation to intercostal muscles
-protected by costal groove
unilateral + bilateral action + innervation of erector spinae group
uni - side flex
bi - extension
innervation - spinal nerve
unilateral, bilateral, innervation of transversospinalis muscle group
uni - rotation, some side flex
bi - extend (not as much as erector spinae)
innervation - spinal nerve
why do cervical vertebrae have bifid spinous process
increase SA for attachment for ligamentum nuchae
what goes through the transverse foramen
vertebral artery
what movement does obliquely facing spinous processes allow
movement in all directions
what connects to the demifacets of thoracic vertebrae
head of rib
what motion does posterior and anterior facing articular facets permit in thoracic spine
rotation and side bend
what connects to the facet on transverse process
tubercle of rib
what motion does inward or outward facing articular facets allow in lumbar spine
flexion and extension
feature of vertebral disc that prevents separation in all directions
fibres of concentric lamellae in annulus fibrosus run in opposite directions
function of annulus fibrosus
limits movement to prevent separation of spine
what is the nucleus pulposus
jelly substance inner layer that moves with compression
function of nucleus pulposus
distributes pressure from compression of spine
function of coccyx
many muscles and ligaments attach there
costovertebral joint
head of rib to superior and inferior demifacets of thoracic vertebra
sternocostal joint
sternum to costal cartilage of ribs
costochondral joint
rib to costal cartilage
costotransverse joint
tubercle of rib to transverse process
atlantio-occipital joint and motion
occipital condyles to C1
yes nod - flexion and extension
atlantoaxial joint and motion
dens of axis to facet for dens on atlas
rotation
ligamentum flavum function
connect lamina to lamina of vertebrae
posterior longitudinal ligament function
prevent flexion
limit hyperflexion
anterior longitudinal ligament function
prevent extension
limit hyperextension
supraspinous ligament function
prevent flexion
interspinous ligament function
prevent flexion
which intercostal muscles cover posterior aspect of thoracic cavity
external intercostals
which intercostal muscles cover the anterior aspect of thoracic cavity
internal intercostals
which intercostal muscles only cover lateral aspect of thoracic cavity
innermost intercostals
where do all intercostal muscles overlap
lateral aspect
