Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

ANA126 > Epithelial Tissue > Flashcards

Epithelial Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

classification of epithelium

A
  1. number of cell layers
  2. shape of cells at surface
  3. surface specializations
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

classification by number of cell layers

A

simple: one cell layer
stratified: multiple cell layers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

general function/location for simple epithelial tissue

A

found at sites of transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

general function/location for stratified epithelial tissue

A

where protection is needed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

classification by shape of cells

A

squamous: flat
cuboidal: cubes (same height as width)
columnar: tall

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

general function for squamous epithelium

A

good for fast passage through

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

general function for cuboidal epithelium

A

absorption + secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

general function for columnar epithelium

A

protection, absorption + secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

classification by surface specializations

A

microvilli
cilia
goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

microvilli appearance + function

A

short projections - increase surface area

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

cilia appearance + function

A

long projections (brushlike) - move mucus + particles across surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

simple squamous epithelia function

A

-lines surfaces involved in passive transport
-filtration
-diffusion
-secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

simple squamous epithelia locations

A

-endothelium - cardiovascular + lymphatic systems
-mesothelium - serous membranes of abdominal + thoracic cavities
- alveoli
-glomerular capsule of kidneys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

simple cuboidal epithelia function

A

absorption + secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

simple cuboidal epithelia locations

A

-ovary surface
-surface of eye lens
-kidney tubules
-ducts
-secretory portion of glands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

simple squamous epithelia appearance

A

single layer flat cells, flattened nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

simple cuboidal epithelia appearance

A

single layer cube cells, round central nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

nonciliated simple columnar epithelia appearance

A

single layer column cells, oval nucleus near base, all nucleus lined up, microvilli, goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

nonciliated simple columnar epithelia function

A

-high rate of absorption + secretion
-mucus from goblet cells provides lubrication
-provides some protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

nonciliated simple columnar epithelia locations

A

-lines digestive canal from stomach to anus
-ducts of glands
-gallbladder
-fallopian tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

ciliated simple columnar epithelia appearance

A

single layer column cells, oval nucleus near base, all nucleus lined up, goblet cells, cili at apical surface

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

ciliated simple columnar epithelia function

A

-moves mucus + foreign particles out of respiratory tract
-moves oocytes through uterine tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

ciliated simple columnar epithelia locations

A

-respiratory tract (bronchioles)
-uterine tubes, uterus
-central canal of spinal cord
-ventricles of brain
-paranasal sinuses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia appearance

A

-single layer
-all cells attached to basement membrane
-not all cells reach apical surface
-nuclei of cells are not lined up
-contains goblet cells + cilia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia function

A

-secretes mucus to trap particles
-cilia sweep away mucus + particles from elimination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelia locations

A

-lines airways + most of supper respiratory tract
(nasal cavity, trachea, bronchi)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelia appearance

A

multiple layers, cube shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelia function

A

-protection from mechanical or chemical stress
-limited absorption + secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

stratified cuboidal epithelia locations

A

-ducts of sweat + esophageal glands
-male urethra

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

stratified columnar epithelia appearance

A

-basal layer: shortened + irregular shape
-apical layer: columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

stratified columnar epithelia function

A

-protection from mechanical or chemical stress
-limited secretion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

stratified columnar epithelia locations

A

-urethra
-ducts of some glands
-anal mucous membrane
-conjunctiva of eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelia appearance

A

-multiple layers
-apical = squamous, basal = cuboidal/columnar
-no keratiin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

significance of nonkeratinized

A

superficial layer does not dry out - constantly moistened by mucus
-surface cells do not die - shed before they die

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelia function

A

protection from:
-abrasion*
-pathogens*
-chemical attacks*
-water loss
-ultraviolet radiation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

stratified squamous nonkeratinized epithelia locations

A

lines wet surfaces:
-mouth
-esophagus
-epiglottis
-pharynx
-tongue
-vagina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

stratified squamous keratinized epithelia appearance

A

-multiple layers - apical = squamous, basal = cuboidal/columnar
-tough layer of keratin in apical layer + many cell layers deep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

significance of keratinized

A

keratin: tough, fibrous intracellular protein
-helps protect skin + underlying tissues

39
Q

stratified squamous keratinized epithelia function

A

-protects skin + underlying tissues from heat, microbes, chemicals
-protection against dehydration of deeper layers

40
Q

stratified squamous keratinized epithelia locations

A

-superficial layer of skin

41
Q

transitional epithelia appearance

A

-multiple layers
-cells varying shapes - relaxed = stratified cuboidal, stretched = stratified squamous

42
Q

transitional epithelia function

A

allows stretch + recoil to original shape

43
Q

transitional epithelia locations

A

-urinary bladder
-ureters
-urethra

44
Q

functions of epithelium

A

-physical protection
-controlled permeability
-sensations (general+special senses)
-glandular secretions

45
Q

4 primary types of tissue

A

-epithelial
-connective
-muscular
-neural

46
Q

locations of epithelium

A

-external surface
-internal surfaces
-glands

47
Q

external surface epithelium

A

epidermis - epidermal layer of skin

48
Q

internal surface epithelium

A

-endothelium - blood vessels
-mesothelium - body cavities
-internal passageways

49
Q

glands epithelium

A

epithelial tissues formed into clusters
-exocrine
-endocrine

50
Q

pleural cavity surrounds? epithelium layer called?

A

surrounds lung
pleura

51
Q

pericardial cavity surrounds? epithelium layer called?

A

surrounds heart
pericardium

52
Q

peritoneal cavity surrounds? epithelium layer called?

A

surrounds abdominal organs
peritoneum

53
Q

what are exocrine glands

A

glands secrete onto epithelial surface

54
Q

types of exocrine glands

A

unicellular - single celled glands (goblet cells)
multicellular

55
Q

multicellular exocrine glands portions

A

-duct portion
-secretory portion

56
Q

secretory portion of exocrine gland classification

A

-tubular
-acinar
-tubuloacinar

57
Q

duct portion of exocrine gland classification

A

-branched: compound gland
-unbranched: simple gland

58
Q

simple tubular gland

A

-unbranched duct
-tubular secretory portion

59
Q

simple branched tubular gland

A

-unbranched duct
-branched tubular secretory portion

60
Q

simple acinar gland

A

-unbranched duct
-acinar secretory portion (bulb shape)

61
Q

simple branched acinar gland

A

-unbranched duct
- branched acinar secretory portion (bulbs)

62
Q

compound tubular gland

A

-branched duct
-tubular secretory portion (can be branched)

63
Q

compound acinar gland

A

-branched duct
-acinar secretory portion (can be branched)

64
Q

compound tubuloacinar gland

A

-branched duct
-tubuloacinar secretory portion (elongated bulb)

65
Q

what are endocrine glands

A

-ductless glands
-secrete product into interstitial fluid which is then taken up by surrounding blood vessels

66
Q

what are endocrine gland secretions called

A

hormones

67
Q

microvilli structure

A

tiny fingerlike projections

68
Q

microvilli function

A

increase surface area of apical epithelium to facilitate absorption + secretion

69
Q

microvilli location

A

apical surface
-small intestine
-kidney

70
Q

ciila structure

A

longer brush like projections

71
Q

cilia function

A

beat synchronously to move fluid along surface of epithelial sheet

72
Q

cilia location

A

respiratory tract

73
Q

what are intercellular connections

A

attachments to each other (cells) +surrounding extracellular matrix

74
Q

types of intercellular connections

A

-anchoring junctions
-occluding junctions
-communicating junctions

75
Q

anchoring junctions function + eg

A

provide mechanical strength
-adherens, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes junctions

76
Q

occluding junctions function + eg

A

form permeability barrier
-tight junction

77
Q

communications junctions function + eg

A

permit ionic/molecular movement between adjacent cells
-gap junction

78
Q

adherens junction structural components

A

-adhesion belt made up of plaque + microfilaments (actin - straight along plaque)
-cadherins extend to attach adjacent cell membranes

79
Q

adherens junction function

A

help resist separation during contractile activities

80
Q

adherens junctions location

A

-skin
-where some flexibility is needed

81
Q

desmosome junctions structural components

A

-plaque with intermediate filaments (keratin - straw like formation)
-cadherins extend to attach to adjacent cell membranes

82
Q

desmosome junctions function

A

-prevent separation when under tension

83
Q

desmosome junctions locations

A

-epidermal cells
-cardiac muscles cells

84
Q

adherens or desmosome are stronger?

A

desmosome

85
Q

hemidesmosome junction structural components

A

-half desmosome
-one cell membrane with plaque and intermediate filaments (keratin - straw like formation)
-integrin extends to attach to basement membrane

86
Q

hemidesmosome junction function + location

A

anchor cells to basement membrane, not to other cells
-everywhere

87
Q

purpose of intermediate filament (keratin) in (hemi)desmosome junctions

A

reinforcement

88
Q

tight junction structural components

A

-beadlike strands of transmembrane proteins along both cell membranes connect them together

89
Q

tight junctions functions

A

-seal off passageways between adjacent cells
-hold lateral walls of cells together very strongly

90
Q

tight junctions locations

A

-stomach
-intestines
-urinary bladder
prevent contents leaking into blood or surrounding tissue

91
Q

gap junction structural components

A

-connexons (composed of connexins) connect adjacent cell membranes forming channels

92
Q

gap junctions function

A

-allow cells in tissue to communicate with each other
-enable nerve impulses to spread rapidly among cells

93
Q

gap junctions locations

A

-epithelia
-cardiac muscle
-smooth muscle
-nerves

94
Q

general structure of epithelial tissue

A

-cells densely packed
-superficial tissue
-avascular

ANA126 (40 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions