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ANA126 > nervous system + spinal cord > Flashcards

nervous system + spinal cord Flashcards

1
Q

autonomic nervous system function

A

maintains homeostasis
-regulates body temp
-regulates cardiovascular, respiratory, digestive, excretory, reproductive systems

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2
Q

sympathetic chain ganglia

A

-sympathetic system T1-L2
-short preganglionic nerve synapses near spinal cord
-long postganglionic nerve synapses at target organ

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3
Q

parasympathtic ganglia

A

-parasympathetic system
-long preganglionic nerve come from CN 3,7,9,10 and S2-S4 and synapse near target
-short postganglionic nerve synapses at target organ

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4
Q

cauda equina

A

nerve ends travelling down from lumbar region

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5
Q

how many pairs of spinal nerves?

A

31 named after vertebrae it exits below

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6
Q

intervertebral foramen

A

hole through vertebrae that protects spinal nerves

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7
Q

cervical enlargement

A

ventral horns contain somatic motor neurons innervating the arm

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8
Q

lumbar enlargement

A

ventral horns contain somatic motor neurons innervating the leg

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9
Q

lateral horn

A

contain visceral motor neurons of sympathetic nervous system
-T1-L2

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10
Q

subdural space in spinal cord

A

-potential space
-injury may cause fluid or air to force into space

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11
Q

denticulate ligament

A

holds pia mater ot arachnoid mater

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12
Q

commissure in grey matter of spinal cord

A

where nerves entering SC from one side may cross to other side

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13
Q

path of sensory info through spinal cord

A

ventral or dorsal rami to dorsal root ganglion to dorsal grey horn

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14
Q

path of motor info out of spinal cord

A

ventral horn to ventral root

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15
Q

where are cells bodies for somatic system found

A

dorsal horn

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16
Q

where are cell bodies for autonomic system found

A

lateral horn

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17
Q

somatic sensory neurons

A

sense stimuli form skeletal muscles

18
Q

visceral sensory neurons

A

sense stimuli from smooth, cardiac muscles, glands

19
Q

somatic motor neurons

A

send motor info to skeletal muscles

20
Q

visceral motor neurons

A

send motor info to smooth, cardiac muscles, glands

21
Q

anterior corticospinal tract

A

motor innervation of trunk

22
Q

lateral corticospinal tract

A

motor innervation of limbs

23
Q

corticonuclear tract

A

motor innervation of facial muscles, tongue, jaw

24
Q

lateral spinothalamic tract senses

A

pain, temperature

25
Q

dorsal column medial lemniscus tract senses

A

vibration, proprioception, discriminative touch

26
Q

tract definition

A

axons travelling together within the CNS with a common function

27
Q

ganglion

A

group of neuronal cell bodies in the PNS with a common function

28
Q

nucleus definition

A

group of neuronal cell bodies in the CNS

29
Q

association fibres connect…

A

within same hemisphere
-long (lobe to lobe) and short (gyrus to gyrus)

30
Q

commissural fibres connect…

A

left and right hemisphere

31
Q

projection fibres connect..

A

from hemisphere to spinal cord - spinal tracts

32
Q

homonculus definition

A

representation of innervation - highly innervated areas are larger
-goes along postcentral gyrus for sensory and precentral gyrus for motor

33
Q

somatotopic representation

A

body represented in organized fashion over the cerebral cortex - if area is damaged, can predict what function would be lost

34
Q

order of cerebral cortex appreciation areas from lateral sulcus to longitudinal fissure

A

-head
-hand
-arm
-trunk
-leg
-foot

35
Q

what are pyramids formed by

A

corticospinal tract

36
Q

what is the pyramidal system

A

go - turn on/work
-motor pathway

37
Q

what does extrapyramidal system add to the pyramidal system

A

qualitative context from basal ganglia
-sequence
-timing
-organized
-direction

38
Q

pyramidal system damage results in

A

paralysis or paresis

39
Q

extrapyramidal system damage results in

A

movement disorders
-reduced movement, uncoordinated movement

40
Q

basal ganglia damage results in

A

loss of coordinated movement

41
Q

motor nuclei in CNS

A

cerebral - caudate + lentiform (basal ganglia)
diencephalon - subthalamic nucleus
medulla - inferior olivary nucleus

ANA126 (40 decks)

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