blood histology

Question 1

components of blood

Answer 1

plasma 55%
red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets 45%

Question 2

blood functions

Answer 2

-transport substances
-regulate life processes
-protection against disease

Question 3

erythrocyte (red blood cell) structure and advantages

Answer 3

bi concave disc
-increases SA for diffusion
-increases flexibility to move around corners
-cells can stack to go through small capillaries

Question 4

erythrocyte (red blood cell) function

Answer 4

transport O2

Question 5

what is the specific structure in red blood cells that carries O2

Answer 5

hemoglobin

Question 6

leukocytes (white blood cells) function

Answer 6

fight pathogens by phagocytosis or immune responses

Question 7

leukocytes travel from where to where

Answer 7

bone marrow to peripheral tissue spaces

Question 8

types of leukocytes

Answer 8

granular
-neutrophil, eosinphil, basophil
agranular
-lymphocytes, monocytes

Question 9

neutrophil % of WBC, lifespan and function

Answer 9

50-70%
less than a week
-active phagocytes (especially when bacteria is present)
-among first to arrive to acute bacterial infection

Question 10

eosinphil %WBC, lifespan, and function

Answer 10

2-4%
less than 2 weeks
-phagocytize antigen-antibody complexes
-increases with allergic reactions and paracites

Question 11

basophil %WBC, lifespan, and function

Answer 11

less than 1%
years
-initiate inflammatory response
-stimulate mast cells and attract other WBC
-accumulate within damaged tissues

Question 12

monocyte %WBC, lifespan, and function

Answer 12

2-8%
months
-release chemotaxic agents
-arrive after neutrophils
-circulate for a few days then differentiate into macrophages

Question 13

which is the largest blood cell

Answer 13

monocytes

Question 14

lymphocytes %WBC, lifespan, and function

Answer 14

less than 1%
variable lifespan
-specific immunity responses - develops counter attack for invading pathogens
-moves among lymphoid tissues, lymph and blood

Question 15

which leukocyte returns to the blood after entering tissue

Answer 15

lymphocyte

Question 16

what are the type of cells in lymphocytes

Answer 16

t cells
b cells
natural killer cells

Question 17

t cells function

Answer 17

attack foreign cells directly
-responsible for cellularly mediated immune system

Question 18

b cells function

Answer 18

attack foreign cells indirectly (attack in distant parts of body)
-responsible for humorally mediated immune system

Question 19

NK cells function

Answer 19

responsible for immune surveillance and destruction of abnormal tissue cells
-prevent cancer

Question 20

what are platelets

Answer 20

membrane enclosed enzyme packets shed by red marrow
lifespan 10-12 days

Question 21

platelets function

Answer 21

1.involved in homeostasis
-prevents blood loss by transporting enzymes for clotting
-framework for healing by forming temporary patch (platelet plug)