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Medicine AMK knowledge > Things to know > Flashcards

Things to know Flashcards

1
Q

What is the window for primary PCI in patients with acute STEMI?

What is the alternative if they cannot be treated within this window

A

2hrs

If not available within 2hrs presentation - thromolysis eg alteplase

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2
Q

What is the medical treatment for an NSTEMI?

A

BATMAN

B - beta blockers (unless contraindicated)
A - aspirin 300mg stat
T - ticagrelor 180mg stat
M - morphine titrated for pain
A - anticoagulant (LMWH)
N - nitrates eg GTN

O2 if sats below 95%

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3
Q

What are the ECG features of hypokalaemia?

A

U waves
Small/ absent t waves
prolonged PR
ST depression
Long QT

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4
Q

Give some examples of ACE inhibitors

A

Ramapril
Perindopril

(APRIL)

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5
Q

Give some examples of beta blockers

A

atenolol
propanolol

(LOL)

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6
Q

What does charcot’s triad describe?

A

Abdo pain, fever, jaundice - sx of ascending cholangitis

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7
Q

Which anti-emetic is contraindicated in parkinsons disease?

A

Metaclopramide (dopamine antagonist)

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8
Q

Which type of respiratory failure gives low O2, low or normal PaCO2?

CPAP or BiPAP?

A

Type 1 resp failure

CPAP

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9
Q

Which type of respiratory failure gives low O2, high PaCO2?

CPAP or BiPAP?

A

Type 2 resp failure

BiPAP

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10
Q

What is the short and long term management of a PE?

A

Mx after diagnosis:
LMWH or fondaparinux

Long term Mx:
Warfarin within 24hrs
Continue for 3mths (6mths for unprovoked PE)

LMWH/ fondaparinux continue for 5d/ until INR 2+, whichever takes longest

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11
Q

Signs for 3rd nerve palsy

A

Down & out
Blown pupil

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12
Q

Signs for 6th nerve palsy

A

Cross eyed

High ICP

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13
Q

Signs of 4th nerve palsy

A

blindness going down stairs
Nasal upshoot

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14
Q

Does nephritic or nephrotic syndrome give blood in the urine?

A

Nephritic syndrome

Nephr I tic - Is blood in urine
Nephr O tic - nOt blood in urine

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15
Q

The presence of CA-125 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Ovarian

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16
Q

The presence of CA19-9 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Pancreatic cancer

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17
Q

The presence of CA 15-3 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Breast cancer

18
Q

The presence of PSA is suggestive of which type of cancer?

19
Q

The presence of AFP is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

hepatocellular carcinoma, teritoma

20
Q

The presence of CEA is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Colorectal

21
Q

The presence of S-100 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Melanoma, schwannoma

22
Q

The presence of bombesin is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Small lung carcinoma, gastric ca, neuroblastoma

23
Q

What type of infections is flucloxocillin prescribed for?

A

Staph aureus - skin and bone infections eg otitis media

24
Q

What antibiotic is commonly prescribed in pneumonia, endocarditis and meningitis?

A

Amoxycillin

25
Which antibiotic would you prescribe for throat/ sinus infections?
Phenoxymethylpemnicillin (mouthful to say)
26
Which type of blood cancer is: Most common in adults B Sx Smudge cells on histology Recurrent infections
CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukaemia)
27
Which type of blood cancer is: Common between ages 2-5 Rapid progressing Bone pain, fever, hepatosplenomegaly
ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia)
28
Which type of blood cancer gives: Reed-steinberg cells Pain when drinking alcohol Most common in 30s or over 70s EBV infection
Hodgkins lymphoma
29
Which type of blood cancer gives: Non-symmetrical lymphadenopathy NO reed-steinberg cells Palpable abdo mass Onset around 50 y/o
NHL (non-hodgkins lymphoma)
30
Which type of blood cancer gives: Raised calcium, sometimes raised phosphate Osteolytic lesions in skull M protein in blood Bence jones proteins in urine
Multiple myeloma
31
Which type of blood cancer gives: Chronic fatigue, abdo discomfort, splenomegaly Low alk phos, raised eosinophil and basophil count Philadelphia chromosome Blood film shows myeloblasts
CML (chronic myeloid leukaemia)
32
Which type of blood cancer gives: Low red cells, platelets and neutrophils Normal WCC Rapid progressing Auer rods on blood film & increased myeloblasts
AML (acute myeloid leukaemia
33
Which type of lung cancer has the strongest association with smoking?
Squamous cell
34
Which type of lung cancer is strongly associated with finger clubbing?
squamous cell
35
Which type of lung cancer is most common in non smokers?
Adenocarcinoma
36
What is the analgesic of choice in patients with mild - moderate renal impairment?
Oxycodone
37
What is the analgesic of choice in severe renal impairment?
Fentanyl/ bupranorphine
38
Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to gut or biochemical cause?
Metaclopramide
39
Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to raised ICP or vestibular cause?
Cyclizine
40
Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to purely biochemical cause?
Haloperidol

Medicine AMK knowledge (24 decks)

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