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Medicine AMK knowledge > Things to know > Flashcards

Things to know Flashcards

1
Q

What is the window for primary PCI in patients with acute STEMI?

What is the alternative if they cannot be treated within this window

A

2hrs

If not available within 2hrs presentation - thromolysis eg alteplase

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2
Q

What is the medical treatment for an NSTEMI?

A

BATMAN

B - beta blockers (unless contraindicated)
A - aspirin 300mg stat
T - ticagrelor 180mg stat
M - morphine titrated for pain
A - anticoagulant (LMWH)
N - nitrates eg GTN

O2 if sats below 95%

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3
Q

What are the ECG features of hypokalaemia?

A

U waves
Small/ absent t waves
prolonged PR
ST depression
Long QT

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4
Q

Give some examples of ACE inhibitors

A

Ramapril
Perindopril

(APRIL)

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5
Q

Give some examples of beta blockers

A

atenolol
propanolol

(LOL)

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6
Q

What does charcot’s triad describe?

A

Abdo pain, fever, jaundice - sx of ascending cholangitis

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7
Q

Which anti-emetic is contraindicated in parkinsons disease?

A

Metaclopramide (dopamine antagonist)

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8
Q

Which type of respiratory failure gives low O2, low or normal PaCO2?

CPAP or BiPAP?

A

Type 1 resp failure

CPAP

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9
Q

Which type of respiratory failure gives low O2, high PaCO2?

CPAP or BiPAP?

A

Type 2 resp failure

BiPAP

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10
Q

What is the short and long term management of a PE?

A

Mx after diagnosis:
LMWH or fondaparinux

Long term Mx:
Warfarin within 24hrs
Continue for 3mths (6mths for unprovoked PE)

LMWH/ fondaparinux continue for 5d/ until INR 2+, whichever takes longest

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11
Q

Signs for 3rd nerve palsy

A

Down & out
Blown pupil

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12
Q

Signs for 6th nerve palsy

A

Cross eyed

High ICP

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13
Q

Signs of 4th nerve palsy

A

blindness going down stairs
Nasal upshoot

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14
Q

Does nephritic or nephrotic syndrome give blood in the urine?

A

Nephritic syndrome

Nephr I tic - Is blood in urine
Nephr O tic - nOt blood in urine

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15
Q

The presence of CA-125 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Ovarian

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16
Q

The presence of CA19-9 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Pancreatic cancer

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17
Q

The presence of CA 15-3 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Breast cancer

18
Q

The presence of PSA is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Prostate

19
Q

The presence of AFP is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

hepatocellular carcinoma, teritoma

20
Q

The presence of CEA is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Colorectal

21
Q

The presence of S-100 is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Melanoma, schwannoma

22
Q

The presence of bombesin is suggestive of which type of cancer?

A

Small lung carcinoma, gastric ca, neuroblastoma

23
Q

What type of infections is flucloxocillin prescribed for?

A

Staph aureus - skin and bone infections eg otitis media

24
Q

What antibiotic is commonly prescribed in pneumonia, endocarditis and meningitis?

A

Amoxycillin

25
Q

Which antibiotic would you prescribe for throat/ sinus infections?

A

Phenoxymethylpemnicillin

(mouthful to say)

26
Q

Which type of blood cancer is:

Most common in adults
B Sx
Smudge cells on histology
Recurrent infections

A

CLL (chronic lymphocytic leukaemia)

27
Q

Which type of blood cancer is:

Common between ages 2-5
Rapid progressing
Bone pain, fever, hepatosplenomegaly

A

ALL (acute lymphoblastic leukaemia)

28
Q

Which type of blood cancer gives:

Reed-steinberg cells
Pain when drinking alcohol
Most common in 30s or over 70s
EBV infection

A

Hodgkins lymphoma

29
Q

Which type of blood cancer gives:

Non-symmetrical lymphadenopathy
NO reed-steinberg cells
Palpable abdo mass
Onset around 50 y/o

A

NHL (non-hodgkins lymphoma)

30
Q

Which type of blood cancer gives:

Raised calcium, sometimes raised phosphate
Osteolytic lesions in skull
M protein in blood
Bence jones proteins in urine

A

Multiple myeloma

31
Q

Which type of blood cancer gives:

Chronic fatigue, abdo discomfort, splenomegaly
Low alk phos, raised eosinophil and basophil count
Philadelphia chromosome
Blood film shows myeloblasts

A

CML (chronic myeloid leukaemia)

32
Q

Which type of blood cancer gives:

Low red cells, platelets and neutrophils
Normal WCC
Rapid progressing
Auer rods on blood film & increased myeloblasts

A

AML (acute myeloid leukaemia

33
Q

Which type of lung cancer has the strongest association with smoking?

A

Squamous cell

34
Q

Which type of lung cancer is strongly associated with finger clubbing?

A

squamous cell

35
Q

Which type of lung cancer is most common in non smokers?

A

Adenocarcinoma

36
Q

What is the analgesic of choice in patients with mild - moderate renal impairment?

A

Oxycodone

37
Q

What is the analgesic of choice in severe renal impairment?

A

Fentanyl/ bupranorphine

38
Q

Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to gut or biochemical cause?

A

Metaclopramide

39
Q

Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to raised ICP or vestibular cause?

A

Cyclizine

40
Q

Which antiemetic should be prescribed for nausea due to purely biochemical cause?

A

Haloperidol

Medicine AMK knowledge (24 decks)

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