Psych

Question 1

What medication is first line for patients with ADHD aged 5y/o and above?

Answer 1

Methylphenidate

Question 2

What are the main side effects of SSRIs?

Answer 2

Initial low mood
Headaches
Nausea
Difficulty sleeping/ sleeping too much
Weight gain
Sexual dysfunction

Question 3

Define affect

Answer 3

Any experience of feeling or emotion, ranging from suffering to elation, from the simplest to the most complex sensations of feeling, and from the most normal to the most pathological emotional reactions.

Often described in terms of positive affect or negative affect, both mood and emotion are considered affective states.

Question 4

What are some of the common features of psychosis?

Answer 4

Hallucinations

Delusions

Thought and speech disorder

Negative symptoms

Question 5

What is described as:
‘perceptions in the absence of stimuli. Most commonly auditory but may be visual or affect smell, taste, or tactile senses.’

Answer 5

Hallucinations

Question 6

What is described as:

‘a fixed, false belief not in keeping with cultural and educational background.’

Answer 6

Delusions

Question 7

What is described as:
‘thought processes are altered and disordered. May manifest in a number of ways including word salad, neologism (creating new words), flight of thought, pressured speech, circumstantiality and Knight’s move thinking.’

Answer 7

Thought and speech disorder

Question 8

What is described as:
‘includes alogia (poverty of speech), emotional blunting, social isolation, self-neglect and avolition (lack of self-will).’

Answer 8

Negative symptoms associated with psychosis

Question 9

At what age is schizophrenia likely diagnosed?

Answer 9

15-35yrs

Question 10

Why is an ECG an important investigation for patients on antipsychotic medications?

Answer 10

Can cause long QT syndrome

Question 11

Haloperidol and chlorpromazine are examples of what?

Answer 11

Typical antipsychotics

Question 12

Clozapine and olanzapine are examples of what?

Answer 12

Atypical antipsychotics

Question 13

What are the side effects associated with atypical antipsychotics?

Answer 13

Weight gain and insulin resistance

possibility of agranulocytosis and bone marrow suppression

Question 14

What are the side effects associated with typical antipsychotics?

Answer 14

Dystonia and tremor.
Tardive dyskinesia (repetitive uncontrolled movements eg lip smacking)

Agranulocytosis and bone marrow suppression possible

Question 15

What receptor(s) do typical antipsychotics target?

Answer 15

D2 dopamine receptors

Question 16

What receptor(s) do atypical antipsychotics target?

Answer 16

D2 dopamine receptors and sometimes serotonin receptors

Question 17

Which disorder has characteristics of the following:

Patients show ‘magical thinking’ that focuses on paranormal phenomena eg presence of a ‘spirit guide’.
Typically also have odd speech eg high pitched voice.

Answer 17

Schitzotypical personality disorder

Question 18

Which disorder has characteristics of the following:

impulsivity, feelings of emptiness, volatile relationships and repeated suicide attempts.

Answer 18

EUPD (emotionally unstable personality disorder)

Question 19

Which disorder has characteristics of the following:

suggestibility, self-dramatisation, attention-seeking behaviour, or inappropriate sexual seductiveness.

Answer 19

Histrionic personality disorder

Question 20

Which disorder has characteristics of the following:

previous psychotic episodes, mania, or depression, firmly fixed delusional thoughts.

Answer 20

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 21

Which disorder has the following characteristics:

social isolation, a lack of interest in sexual relationships, emotional coldness, and a preference for solitary activities.

Answer 21

Schizoid personality disorder

Question 22

What is the SSRI of choice for children and adolescents?

Answer 22

Fluoxetine

Question 23

How are symptoms of mania in primary care managed?

Answer 23

Urgent referral to CMHT

Question 24

Which behavioural disorder is associated with the following:

individuals are occupied with details, rules, lists, order and organisation, and are inflexible in their approaches to their work. They prefer to work alone and become easily annoyed if their systems are interfered with.

Answer 24

Obsessive compulsive disorder

Question 25

Which behavioural disorder is associated with the following:

fails to conform to social norms concerning lawful behaviours. They repeatedly perform acts that are grounds for arrest, frequently deceive others, are impulsive and reckless.

Answer 25

antisocial personality disorder

Question 26

Which behavioural disorder is associated with the following:

characterised by avoidance of activities that involve significant interpersonal contact due to fears of criticism, or rejection.

Answer 26

Avoidant personality disorder

Question 27

Which behavioural disorder is associated with the following:

grandiose sense of self-importance and entitlement. The fantasies with which they are preoccupied involve unlimited success, power or beauty.

Answer 27

Narcissistic personality disorder