Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medicine AMK knowledge > Haematology > Flashcards

Haematology Flashcards

1
Q

What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:

Most common in children
Down syndrome
Lymphoblasts
B symptoms + painless lymphadenopathy

A

Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:

In Elderly
PMH haematopoietic disorders
Myeloblasts
Leukaemia cutis
Auer rods
A

Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:

Most common in adults
B cells
Asymptomatic for long time
Small mature lymphocytes
Smudge cells
A

Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (CLL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:

Middle aged
Philadelphia chromosome
3 phases – chronic, accelerated, blast crisis
Basophils + oesinophils

A

Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which type of cancer has the following:

Typically B-cell origin
Strong association with EBV/HIV/Autoimmunity
Clinical features
Painless lymphadenopathy – alcohol-induced pain
B symptoms Pel-Ebstein fever

A

Hodgkin’s lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the clinical features of haemophilia?

A

Mild – haematomas following severe trauma
Moderate – haematomas following mild trauma
Severe - spontaneous bleeding (in joints, from mucosa)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Is ‘X-linked recessive; Factor VIII deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?

A

Haemophilia A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Is ‘X-linked recessive; Factor IX deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?

A

Haemophilia B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Is ‘Autosomal recessive; Factor XI deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?

A

Haemophilia C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What type of genetic inheritance pattern does Von Willebrand Disease follow?

A

Autosomal dominant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which blood disorder is described by the following:

Most common congenital bleeding disorder; often asymptomatic
Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia

A

Von Willebrand Disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which blood disorder is described by the following:

Most common hypercoagulable disorder
Blood clots – VTE, PE (more common)
Risk for Stroke, ACS, ischaemia

A

Factor V Laiden

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease and thalassaemia are all examples of what type of anaemia?

A

Microcytic (CMV <80 fL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

CKD, aplastic anaemia, blood loss and haemolysis all lead to what type of anaemia?

A

Normocytic (CMV 80-100 fL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Megaloblastic is an example of what type of anaemia?

A

Macrocytic (CMV>100 fL)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Most common anaemia; brittle nails, hair loss, Pica and angular cheilitis’ are all clinical features of which type of anaemia?’

A

Iron deficiency anaemia (microcytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

‘Usually mild; background of inflammation, neoplasms and high CRP/ESR’ are all clinical features of which type of anaemia?

A

Anaemia of chronic disease (microcytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

‘Extramedullary haematopoiesis – skull (high forehead, prominent cheeks and maxilla), run electrophoresis for missing globin’ are clinical features of which type of anaemia?

A

Thalassaemia (microcytic)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the management for iron deficiency anaemia?

A

Ferrous sulfate, transfusion if Hg <70

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the management for anaemia of chronic disease?

A

Treat underlying condition

21
Q

What is the management for thalassaemia?

A

Give transfusions

22
Q

What is the management for anaemia due to CKD?

A

Replacement EPO

23
Q

‘Pancytopaenia leading to purpura, bleeding and infection’ are the clinical features of which type of anaemia?

A

Aplastic anaemia (normocytic)

24
Q

What is the management for aplastic anaemia?

A

Supportive, bone marrow transplant, immunosuppression

25
Q

‘Cardiovascular collapse, shock, death; n/h reticulocytes with no signs of haemolysis’ are clinical features of which anaemic cause?

A

Blood loss

26
Q

How is blood loss managed?

A

Treat underlying cause; transfusion if acute

27
Q

‘Accumulation of Hb degradation products (unconjugated bilirubin, depleted haptoglobin); splenomegaly’ are clinical features used to describe which anaemic cause?

A

Haemolysis

28
Q

How is extravascular haemolysis managed?

A

splenectomy

29
Q

‘Anti-IF antibodies +, neurological distrurbances (due to demyelination of spinal cord)’ are clinical features used to describe which type of anaemia?

A

Megaloblastic (macrocytic)

30
Q

How is megaloblastic anaemia managed?

A

B12/folate supplements (B12 before folate)

31
Q

In a patient with Mycoplasma pneumonia with anaemia, raised LDH and raised unconjugated bilirubin, what should be suspected?

A

Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

32
Q

What is raised LDH on bloods a sign of?

A

tissue damage/breakdown

33
Q

What is raised unconjugated bilirubin a sign of?

A

Haemolysis

34
Q

What type of anaemia is a cause of normocytic anaemia with pancytopenia (low RBCs, WBCs and platelets)?

A

Aplastic anaemia

35
Q

What type of anaemia would liver disease cause?

A

Macrocytic anaemia

36
Q

What does a positive coombes test suggest?

A

Haemolytic anaemia

37
Q

If a women with antiphospholipid syndrome presents pregnant, what should they be given to help lower the risk of miscarrage?

A

Aspirin and LMWH

38
Q

What should someone presenting with sickle cell crisis be given?

A

Analgesia eg opiates, IV fluids and oxygen

39
Q

What agent is used for reversal of debigatran?

A

Idarucizumab

40
Q

What is alteplase used for?

A

TPA - used in suspected ischaemic stroke, to break down occluding thrombus

41
Q

What agent is used to reverse rivaroxaban and apixaban?

A

andexanet alfa

42
Q

What is the reversal agent for warfarin?

A

Vitamin K

43
Q

A drop in Hb and reticulocyte count in pt with sickle cell disease is suggestive of what?

A

Aplastic crisis

44
Q

What is myelodisplasia at risk of progressing to?

A

AML - acute myeloid lukaemia

45
Q

What blood film finding is suggestive of hyposplenism?

A

Howell-jolly bodies and siderocytes

46
Q

What is the typical blood picture of someone in DIC?

A

↓ platelets
↓ fibrinogen
↑ PT & APTT
↑ fibrinogen degradation products

47
Q

What does Microcytic, hypochromic erythrocytes with basophilic stippling and occasional target cells on blood film suggest?

A

beta thalassaemia trait

48
Q

What is first line for DVT?

A

Apixaban

LMWH in pregnancy

Medicine AMK knowledge (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions