Haematology Flashcards
What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:
Most common in children
Down syndrome
Lymphoblasts
B symptoms + painless lymphadenopathy
Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL)
What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:
In Elderly PMH haematopoietic disorders Myeloblasts Leukaemia cutis Auer rods
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia (AML)
What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:
Most common in adults B cells Asymptomatic for long time Small mature lymphocytes Smudge cells
Chronic Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (CLL)
What type of Leukaemia has the following properties?:
Middle aged
Philadelphia chromosome
3 phases – chronic, accelerated, blast crisis
Basophils + oesinophils
Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia (CML)
Which type of cancer has the following:
Typically B-cell origin
Strong association with EBV/HIV/Autoimmunity
Clinical features
Painless lymphadenopathy – alcohol-induced pain
B symptoms Pel-Ebstein fever
Hodgkin’s lymphoma
What are the clinical features of haemophilia?
Mild – haematomas following severe trauma
Moderate – haematomas following mild trauma
Severe - spontaneous bleeding (in joints, from mucosa)
Is ‘X-linked recessive; Factor VIII deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?
Haemophilia A
Is ‘X-linked recessive; Factor IX deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?
Haemophilia B
Is ‘Autosomal recessive; Factor XI deficiency’ used to describe haemophilia A, B or C?
Haemophilia C
What type of genetic inheritance pattern does Von Willebrand Disease follow?
Autosomal dominant
Which blood disorder is described by the following:
Most common congenital bleeding disorder; often asymptomatic
Mucosal bleeding, menorrhagia
Von Willebrand Disease
Which blood disorder is described by the following:
Most common hypercoagulable disorder
Blood clots – VTE, PE (more common)
Risk for Stroke, ACS, ischaemia
Factor V Laiden
Iron deficiency anaemia, anaemia of chronic disease and thalassaemia are all examples of what type of anaemia?
Microcytic (CMV <80 fL)
CKD, aplastic anaemia, blood loss and haemolysis all lead to what type of anaemia?
Normocytic (CMV 80-100 fL)
Megaloblastic is an example of what type of anaemia?
Macrocytic (CMV>100 fL)
Most common anaemia; brittle nails, hair loss, Pica and angular cheilitis’ are all clinical features of which type of anaemia?’
Iron deficiency anaemia (microcytic)
‘Usually mild; background of inflammation, neoplasms and high CRP/ESR’ are all clinical features of which type of anaemia?
Anaemia of chronic disease (microcytic)
‘Extramedullary haematopoiesis – skull (high forehead, prominent cheeks and maxilla), run electrophoresis for missing globin’ are clinical features of which type of anaemia?
Thalassaemia (microcytic)
What is the management for iron deficiency anaemia?
Ferrous sulfate, transfusion if Hg <70
What is the management for anaemia of chronic disease?
Treat underlying condition
What is the management for thalassaemia?
Give transfusions
What is the management for anaemia due to CKD?
Replacement EPO
‘Pancytopaenia leading to purpura, bleeding and infection’ are the clinical features of which type of anaemia?
Aplastic anaemia (normocytic)
What is the management for aplastic anaemia?
Supportive, bone marrow transplant, immunosuppression
