Thermoregulation

Question 1

what is my sensor of temperature?

Answer 1

thermoreceptors in the skin, viscera, and the brain

Question 2

what tells me about my core temperature?

Answer 2

thermoreceptors in my brain and viscera

Question 3

what tells me about the environmental temperature?

Answer 3

cutaneous thermoreceptors

Question 4

why would I put thermoreceptors in my gut?

Answer 4

ingested food is potentially a threat

Question 5

where are the thermoreceptors in the brain located?

Answer 5

the pre-optic and superoptic region of the hypothalamus

Question 6

what is acting as the controller of core temperature?

Answer 6

the hypothalamus

Question 7

which part of the hypothalamus responds to heat?

Answer 7

the anterior hypothalamus

Question 8

what does the anterior hypothalamus do in response to heat?

Answer 8

heat loss behaviors

Question 9

which part of the hypothalamus responds to cooling?

Answer 9

posterior hypothalamus

Question 10

what does the posterior hypothalamus do in response to cooling?

Answer 10

heat production

Question 11

what is the body’s equivalent to an air conditioner or furnace?

Answer 11

the anterior and posterior pituitary

Question 12

what do the mechanisms of heat production all require?

Answer 12

the autonomic nervous system

Question 13

what are the endocrinology ways of producing heat?

Answer 13

thyroxin and epinephrine release

Question 14

what is non-shivering thermogenesis?

Answer 14

making heat by increasing metabolism not due to muscles (brown adipose tissue)

Question 15

what is shivering to increase heat production mediated by?

Answer 15

the dorsomedial posterior hypothalamus

Question 16

what area of the brain mediates voluntary activity increase to increase heat production?

Answer 16

the cortex

Question 17

what is an example of non-shivering thermogenesis besides brown adipose tissue?

Answer 17

thyroxin increases metabolic rate

Question 18

how is heat produced from brown adipose tissue?

Answer 18

hydrolysis of ATP via uncoupling proteins

Question 19

what are two types of evaporative heat loss?

Answer 19

sweating and panting

Question 20

What are three other examples of heat loss?

Answer 20

convention, conduction, and radiation

Question 21

what is the sweat gland innervated by?

Answer 21

sympathetic cholinergic

Question 22

what is the NT of sweat glands?

Answer 22

acetylcholine and it binds to a muscarinic receptor

Question 23

low flow rates of sweat would have what concentration?

Answer 23

low water and high levels of Na+

Question 24

high flow rates of sweat would have what composition?

Answer 24

high water and low levels of Na+

Question 25

what is the major player of creating a fever?

Answer 25

prostaglandin E2

Question 26

what does prostaglandin E2 do to the hypothalamus?

Answer 26

it increases the body’s set temperature point

Question 27

the major hypothalamic nucleus associated with autonomic control is what?

Answer 27

the paraventricular nucleus

Question 28

the paraventricular nucleus has outflow via what?

Answer 28

the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus

Question 29

outflow via the dorsal longitudinal fasciculus from the paraventricular nuclei goes to what three places?

Answer 29

dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus, nucleus ambiguous, parasympathetic and sympathetic neurons in the spinal cord