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Sociology year 12 > theories of family > Flashcards

theories of family Flashcards

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Sociology 101 flashcards
1
Q

what type of perspective do functionalists have

A

a consensus perspective

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2
Q

what type of perspective do Marxism have

A

a class conflict perspective

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3
Q

what type of perspective do feminists have

A

a gender conflict perspective

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4
Q

what do functionalists believe about the family

A

functionalists believe that society is based on value consensus which society socialises into it members

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5
Q

value consensus

A

a set of shared norms and values

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6
Q

what do functionalists compare society to

A

biological organism like the human body because it is made of different parts that depend on each other each is vital to the well being of it’s members

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7
Q

what needs do functionalists believe the family meets

A

essential needs such as the need to socialise children

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8
Q

what four functions does Murdock believe the family performs for society to work harmoniously

A
  • satisfaction of sex drive: prevents social disruption of “free for all”
  • reproduction without this society wouldn’t continue
  • socialisation: of the young shared values and norms
  • economic needs: food and shelter (societies needs)
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9
Q

criticisms of Murdock’s theory of the family

A

feminist reject this “rose-tinted” view of the family it neglects conflicts and exploitation, serving men and oppressing women

Marxists argue that it meets the needs of capitalism, not society as a whole.

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10
Q

what does Parsons suggest about the family

A

the functions that the family performs will depend on the kind of society which it is found

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11
Q

what two kinds of family structure does parsons identify

A

the nuclear family: parents and dependent children (industrial society)
extended family: three generations living under one roof

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12
Q

what family type does the modern industrial society fit

A

the nuclear family

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13
Q

what family type does the pre-industrial family fit

A

the extended family

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14
Q

what two essential needs does industrial society have

A

geographical mobile workforce-move where there is work

a socially mobile workforce- industrial society is based on evolving science and technology, requires a competent work force. Nuclear family is better for this

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15
Q

what is loss of functions

A

the family ceases to be a unit of production: work moves into factories and the family becomes a unit of consumption only. it loses most of it’s other functions to other institutions such as schools and the health service

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16
Q

what two essential functions does the nuclear family perform

A

socialisation of children-equip them with basic skills and values

stabilisation:

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17
Q

what is the Marxist perspective of the family

A

believe the functions of the family are performed purely for the benefit of the capitalist system.

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18
Q

what functions do Marxists see the family fulfilling for capitalism

A

inheritance of property: key factors of what shapes social institutions is made of production (who owns and controls forces e.g. raw, materials, land) wealth is linked to family

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19
Q

what does Engels suggest about the family

A

monogamy became essential for inheritance for inheritance of property. rise of the nuclear family represented a “world historical defeat of the female sex”

20
Q

“primitive communism”

A

no private property, all members owned the means production. no family but a “primitive nude”-forces of production developed, wealth increase, private property developed

21
Q

what do functionalists mean by the family performing key ideological functions for capitalism

A

ideology: a set of beliefs that justify inequalities and persuade people to accept a capitalist society

22
Q

what way do functionalists believe the family performs key ideological functions for capitalism

A

family does this by socialising children into accepting hierarchy and inequality are inevitable

23
Q

what does parental power accustom children to do (Marxists)

A

accustoms them to the idea that (a man) has to be in charge and accept orders from a man.

24
Q

what functions does Zaretsky believe the family performs

A

family offers an apparent “haven” from the harsh world of capitalism, but it is an illusion e.g. exploitation of women

25
Q

what does capitalism exploit

A

the labour of workers, makes profit by selling products for more than it costs to produce them

26
Q

how does the family generate profits

A
  1. advertisers urge families to “keep up with the joneses” by buying all the latest presents
  2. media targets children who use “pester power”
  3. children who lack “latest” clothes gadgets, mocked by peers
27
Q

criticism for marxist perspective of the family

A

ignores wider family structures and assumes the nuclear family is dominant

feminists: family serve the interest of men, not capitalism, more gender inequalities than class inequalities

28
Q

what do feminists suggest about the family

A

the family oppresses women e.g. domestic division of labour/ domestic violence

29
Q

what feminist believe is gender inequality created by

A

society

30
Q

what do liberal feminists campaign against

A

sex discrimination and equal pay rights

31
Q

what do liberal feminists argue about

A

hold a similar view to the march of progress, gradual progress towards gender equality, overcome by laws and attitudes, but will need further reforms to reach full equality

32
Q

what gradual progress do liberal feminists believe there is in the family

A

men are doing more domestic work, sons/daughters have more equal aspirations

33
Q

criticisms of liberal feminists

A

failing to challenge the cause of women’s oppression and believing people’s attitudes will be enough to bring equality

34
Q

what do Marxist feminists believe about the family

A

main cause of oppression in the family is not men, but capitalism

35
Q

what functions does women’s oppression perform for capitalism

A
  • women reproduce the labour force through unpaid labour and socialising the next generation of workers
  • women absorb anger that would be directed at capitalism
  • women are a reserved army of cheap labour when extra worker are needed
36
Q

what does Ansley suggest women are

A

takers of sh*t who soak up frustrations of men

37
Q

what do radical feminists suggest about society

A

all societies are ruled by men

38
Q

what do radical feminists believe the key division of labour is between

A

men and women:

  1. men are the enemy and the source of women’s oppression
  2. men benefit from women’s unpaid labour and sexual services
39
Q

what do feminists believe about the patriarchal system

A

patriarchal system needs to be overturned, family must be abolished. achieved through “separatism”-women live independently

40
Q

what do radical feminists argue for

A

“political lesbianism” heterosexual relationships are oppressive because it involves “sleeping with the enemy”

41
Q

criticisms of radical feminists

A

liberal feminists argue that radical feminists fail to recognise women’s positions have improved considerably e.g. job opportunities ‘

sommervile argues sexual attraction would make separation difficult

42
Q

what do difference feminists argue

A

argue we cannot generalise about women’s opinions

43
Q

what do difference feminists argue about different women’s experiences

A

lesbian, heterosexual women, white and black women have different experiences of the family

44
Q

how do black feminist view the family

A

positively as a source of support

45
Q

what two weaknesses do personal life perspective believe other theorists suffer from

A
  1. They assume that the traditional nuclear family is dominant
  2. they are all structural theorists. interactionist and postmodernist ignore the fact we have some “meanings” rather than the functions.
46
Q

the sociology of personal life

A

this is a new perspective of families. it is influenced by interactionists ideas and argues in order to understand families, we must start from the point of view of the individual and the meanings they give to relationships

Sociology year 12 (14 decks)

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