Theories and Trends Flashcards
MODEL OF THEORIES
These theories can be classified on the basis of being directed at the level of:
a. Individual (Intrapersonal)
b. Interpersonal
c. Community
4 MOST COMMONLY USED HEALTH EDUCATION THEORIES
- Pender’s Health Promotion Theory
- Bandura’s Self-Efficacy Theory
- Becker’s Health Belief Model
- Green’s Precede-Proceed Model
HPM was developed in _______ and revised by Pender in _______
1987; 1996
HPM was developed in 1987 and revised by Pender in 1996 to?
increase the utility of its predictions and interventions
PROCESS OF EMPOWERING PEOPLE TO MAKE HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CHOICES AND MOTIVATING THEM TO BECOME BETTER SELFMANAGERS.
HEALTH PROMOTION
Directed at increasing a patient’s level of well-being.
HEALTH PROMOTION
HEALTH PROMOTION THEORY 3 AREAS OF FOCUS
- Individual characteristics and experiences
- Behavior-specific cognitions and affect
- Behavioral outcome
Individual characteristics and experiences
- prior related behavior
- personal factors
Behavior-specific cognitions and affect
- Perceived benefits of action
- Perceived barriers to action
- Perceived self-efficacy
- Activity-related effect
- Interpersonal influences
- Situational influences
Behavioral outcome
- Commitment to a plan of action
- Immediate competing demands and preferences
Emphasizes the cognitive aspect of learning which explains human behavior
SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY
plays a critical role in people’s capability to construct reality, selfregulate, encode information and perform behaviors.
Cognition
Cognition plays a critical role in people’s capability to _________________________________________________________ and _________________________________
construct reality, selfregulate, encode information and perform behaviors.
The belief that we have in our own abilities, ability to meet challenges ahead and successfully complete a task.
SELF-EFFICACY
is the single most important aspect of the sense of self that determines one’s effort to change behavior according to Bandura
SELF-EFFICACY
HOW TO INCREASE SELF-EFFICACY?
- Personal mastery of a task
- Observing theperformance of others
- Verbal Persuasion
- Arousal of her/his emotionalstate
Model introduced by psychologists to find out why people refused to use available preventive health services in the 1950’s.
Becker’s Health Belief Model
Attempts to explain and predict health behaviors
Becker’s Health Belief Model
FOUR CONSTRUCTS of Becker’s Health Belief Model:
PERCEIVED SUSCEPTIBILITY
PERCEIVED SEVERITY
PERCEIVED BENEFITS
PERCEIVED BARRIERS
Was based on the epidemiological perspective on health promotion to combat the leading causes of death.
Green’s Precede-Proceed Model
PRECEDE PHASE:
- Social diagnosis
- Epidemiologic, Behavior and Environmental diagnosis
- Educational & Ecological diagnosis
- Administrative & Policy diagnosis
PROCEED PHASE
- Implementation
- Process evaluation
- Impact evaluation
- Outcome evaluation
Emerging Trends in Health Care
- New “healthcare economics”
- Advances in medical technology
The Future Directions for Patient Care
- New settings and environmental linkages
- New Technologies
- Greater emphasis on wellness
Complementary counterpart to models of health education.
Health Promotion Theory
Defines health as a positive dynamic state rather than simply the absence of disease.
Health Promotion Theory
Describes the multidimensional nature of persons
Health Promotion Theory
is any combination of learning experiences designed to
facilitate voluntary actions conducive to health
Health education
There is the present emphasis on primary care and the continuing development of managed care.
New “healthcare economics”
Providers will increasingly establish “centers of excellence” to provide services effectively and at moderate cost
New “healthcare economics”
Decentralization of care, also known as
Medical Prosumerism
Decentralization of care, also known as Medical Prosumerism, is an emergent issue.
New “healthcare economics”
is another form of prosumerism
Alternative Medicine
Alternative Medicine is another form of prosumerism
New “healthcare economics”
Medical Globalization and Medical Tourism
New “healthcare economics”
Seek to improve patient compliance with optimal health
behavior by promoting proper appointment keeping, self -
administration of treatments, and proper general health behavior in terms of lifestyle issues
Advances in medical technology
