Teaching Strategies Flashcards
Most traditional method
Lecturing
Teacher simply conveys the knowledge to the students
Lecturing
One-way channel of communication
Lecturing
Imparts lessons through INTERACTION
Discussion
Opportunity to share insights of the topic
Discussion
Give learners an opportunity to apply principles, concepts and theories and to clarify information
Discussion
can be an efficient means of introducing learners to new topics
Lecturing
It is used to integrate and synthesize a large body of knowledge from several fields or sources and used to clarify difficult concepts.
Lecturing
presupposes that the learners have already been introduced to a body of information on which they can base their discussion
Discussion
Its purpose is to give learners an
opportunity to apply principles, concepts, and theories, as well as clarify information and
concepts
Discussion
a topic is announced in advance and the class is asked to
take part in the discussion by reading a certain material or watching a videotape among other
activities
Discussion
Teacher initiates the learning process byASKING students about their insights
Question and Answer
An integral part of teaching process
Questioning
Teacher ASKS students what they understand to determine what they already learned and what they need to learn
Question and Answer
Teacher wants a learner to further explain the answer
PROBING
Digs deeper into subject matter
PROBING
- Oral or written
- Tests recall of learners and can be used to begin
discussion
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- Retrieval of information from observed events
- Descriptive questions
- Demands simple recall
FACTUAL
Answered from memory or by description
FACTUAL
who, what, when, where
FACTUAL QUESTIONS
Elicits simple descriptive statements
DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS
Illuminating, revealing and enlightening questions
CLARIFYING
5 ways of Clarifying
PROBING
JUSTIFYING
REFOCUSING
PROMPTING
REDIRECTING
Teacher wants a learner to further
explain the answer
PROBING
“Tell us more about the statement you made.”
PROBING
Gives an explanation from response
JUSTIFYING
Increases student’s critical awareness
JUSTIFYING
“Why did you monitor the patient’s vital signs
every hour?”
JUSTIFYING
“Why are you in favor of ______”
JUSTIFYING
“What do you mean by the term ______.
PROBING
Clarify or explain a different but related issue
REFOCUSING
“How does the statement made by Susan relate to what Lily just said?”
REFOCUSING
Suggesting or giving hint or reminder
PROMPTING
Teacher: “You said turning the patient every 2 hours will prevent pressure ulcers. What is the rationale?”
Student: “This will relieve the pressure from bony prominences”
PROMPTING
Teacher: “That’s true. And if pressure is continuously applied
to the area, what will happen?”
Student: “This will deprive blood supply that provides oxygenation that may result to tissue death.”
PROMPTING
Participation of other students in the discussion
REDIRECTING
“Can you give another factor based on what your classmate had said?”
REDIRECTING
“Why do you think screening without parent’s consent for HIV/AIDS should be lowered to the age of 13?”
Justifying
“Can you give me more details about what you did?
Probing
Stimulate the students to establish relationships, compare and contrast, make inferences rather than merely defining them.
HIGHER-ORDER
- Critical thinking skills
- Generalize, infer, conclude instead of giving factual answer
HIGHER-ORDER
Deals with judgement, value and choice
Evaluation
“Should mercy killing be part of the law o land? Why?”
Evaluation
- Ideas or suppositions based on facts or premises
- Deduction or Induction
Inferences
Help students establish relations of ideas
Comparisons
Enhances teaching and learning
Audiovisual aids
Stimulates student’s interest and participation
Audiovisual aids
Instructor should be guided primarily by objectives in selecting appropriate media
Audiovisual aids
When not used appropriately, __________ become time fillers and entertainment = insufficient learning
Audiovisuals
Involves structuring small group of learners who work together toward achieving shared learning goals.
Cooperative Learning
Learners help each other work together and are responsible for
learning of each member
Cooperative Learning
The following strategies are examples of cooperative learning. These reading strategies are considered to be very effective particularly in learning concepts in nursing.
● Jigsaw
● Think-Pain-Share
● Numbered-Heads Together
● Talking Chips
● Murder Script
Serves as a stimulus of critical thinking by immersing students
in the subject matter
Writing
Writing activities include
- Journal writing
- Creative writing assignment
- Research articles
Lends visual assistance
Concept-Mapping
Depicts relationship among factors, causes and effects
Concept-Mapping
Creating and examining a map for connections
Concept-Mapping
Critical thinking which requires in-depth recall of topics for
supporting evidence
Debate
Develops one’s position in a controversial issue
Debate
Practical exercises for the students representing controlled
manipulation of reality
Simulations
Help learners in decision-making, problem-solving in a controlled setting
Simulations
Develops human interaction abilities and learn skills in a safe setting
Simulations
Involves confronting students with real-life problems which they are meant to solve on their own
Problem-based learning
Analysis of case, identification of needs to solve problems
Problem-based learning
Cases are brief and problems are ill-structured
Problem-based learning
Student is provided with materials needed for the learning process without intervention of the teacher
Self-learning modules
Communicate information to students and nurses in
a time-saving way
Computer Teaching
Simulations of reality, and can educate from a distance
Computer Teaching
Any kind of computer used in educational settings
Computer Assisted Instructions
Worldwide and publicly accessible series of networks
Internet
World wide web “apps” “social media
Internet
Allows users to interact with a computer simulated environment
Virtual Reality
Real or imagined
Virtual Reality
Includes computer learning and other ways of giving instructions WITHOUT THE USUAL CLASSROOM SETTING
Distance Learning
Oftentimes involves a two-way audio and video technology
Distance Learning