Theme 5 Quiz Flashcards
A premalignant change in cell proliferation and differentiation that is often associated with metaplasia (9)
dysplasia
In some third world countries bladder cancer is associated with which parasitic disease? (15)
Schistosomiasis
A key defining characteristic of malignant neoplasm (10)
metastasis
** methyltransferase shows genetic variation in activity that can cause toxicity on treatment with some cytotoxic drugs. (10)
Thiopurine
** syndrome = hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). (5)
Lynch
A benign tumour of the meninges (10)
Meningioma
** P450 oxidases are encoded by a family of genes and are responsible for metabolizingmany common drugs. (10)
Cytochrome
term for X-inactivation in females, named after its discoverer. (11)
Lyonisation
A modification to the genome that does not affect the nucleotide sequence. (10)
Epigenetic
A targeted drug used in cases of breast cancer with HER2 amplification (9)
Herceptin
The commonest type of cancer in men in UK (8)
Prostate
Favoured site of haematogenous spread of tumour cells from primary lung and breast cancer (4)
Bone
Benign tumour of striated muscle (11)
rhabdomyoma
CpG **** is cluster of CG dinucleotides frequently found near the 5’ ends of genes. (6)
island
Grade of tumour is a term that indicates its ____ (15)
differentiation
Anticoagulant showing genetically-determined dosage sensitivity. (8)
Apixaban
Uniparental ****: both copies of a chromosome from one parent. (6)
disomy
Modifications to the tails of this class of proteins regulate gene expression. (7)
Histone
Genetic deficiency of this enzyme can result in failure to recover from anaesthesia. (21)
Butyrylcholinesterase
A serum marker used to screen for prostate cancer (3)
PSA
These small regions are shared between the X and Y chromosomes. (15)
pseudoautosomal
Genetic abnormality behind complete hydatidiform moles. (12)
androgenesis
Asbestos is strongly linked to which highly malignant tumour? (12)
mesothelioma
The frequency with which an inherited disorder manifests itself in gene carriers (10)
Penetrance
A Dukes B tumour is distinguished from a Dukes A by virtue of the tumour having grown throughwhat structure? (6,5)
Muscle layer
A malignant tumour of cartilage (14)
Chondrosarcoma
Genes that are monoallelically expressed according to parent of origin are said to be *******. (9)
imprinted
Overgrowth syndrome due to dysregulation of the IGF2 gene. (8)
beckwith
Type of involuntary movement typical of Huntington’s disease. (6)
Chorea
A defective Rb gene is inherited in which familial cancer syndrome? (14)
retinoblastoma
Type of genetic diagnostic test performed on in vitro cultured embryo. (15)
Preimplantation
A common type of tumour seen in patients with an inherited defect in the TP53 gene (7)
Sarcoma
An angioma is a benign tumour of which tissue? (5,7)
Blood vessels
Enzyme involved in the maintenance of repeat sequences at the ends of chromosomes (10)
Telomerase
Most common pathway of metastatic spread of tumour cells (9)
Lymphatic
Invasive method for obtaining tissue of fetal genotype for prenatal genetic diagnosis: ******* villussampling. (9)
Chorionic
Common mechanism by which a proto-oncogene may become abnormally over-expressed (13)
Amplification
