Lecture 2: Role of Pathology in medicine Flashcards
What is Pathology?
The scientific study of disease.
Define disease.
“an abnormality of the body that causes loss of normal health”
What percentage of patient diagnosis’ are involved with clinical Labatory medicine?
70%
What areas are involved in clinical Labatory medicine?
Immunology
Microbiology
Haematology
Chemical Pathology
Cellular Pathology
Genetics Cytogenetics
What is taken in consideration during scientific study of disease?
Epidemiology
Aetiology
Anatomical changes
Biochemical changes
Functional changes
Natural history
Prognosis
What are the limited responses that cells and tissues have to disease? (Basic pathological Responses)
Adaption of cells to their environment
What happens when cells cannot adapt
Abnormal cell growth eg Cancer
Tissue responses to injury
Healing
Genetic factors
Immune factors
Environmental factors
When do we investigate how the same pathology behaves differently in different systems? (Systematic Pathology)
Specific Diseases
Individual organs or body systems
What is the process in pathology?
- Epidemiology
- Aetiology
- Pathogenesis
- Pathological and clinical features
- Prognosis
- Treatment
What do we consider when classifying tumours
Structure of origin
Benign vs. malignantq
Prefix Ana- meaning?
Absence (Anaplasia)
Prefix Dys- meaning?
Disordered (Dysplasia)
Prefix Hyper- meaning?
Excess over normal (Hyperthyroidism)
Prefix Hypo- meaning?
Deficency below normal (Hypothyroidism)
Prefix Meta- meaning?
Changes from one state to another (Metaplasia)
Suffix -itis meaning?
Inflammatory process (Appendicitis)
