the state and globalisation Flashcards
define sovereignty
absolute power and authority over their citizens and subjects
what is the difference between internal and external sovereignty
internal- location of power or authority within a state (parliament), with dispute between popular and democratic sovereignty
external- absolute authority as an actor on the world stage, implying absence of higher power on external and foreign affairs
what is the billiard ball model in terms of sovereignty
states are billiard balls that collide with one another while sovereignty is the hard shell which enables it to withstand impact of collision
what is the impact of treaty of westphalia 1648
- ends 30 years war in europe
- define states as main international actors pursuing their own national interests
- solved by sovereignty, legal equality and principle of non interference
define nation state and features
political community bound together by citizenship and nationality
- represents the political wishes of a nation
- self governing styae
- based in principle of self-determination
features of a state
- political entity with sovereignty
- recognised by international community
- legally defined territory
- an effective government
- a stable population
- UN has 193 member states
features of a nation
- community if people united by shared values and traditions
- nationalism supports the idea that a proper basis for the state is the nation
- does not necessarily have sovereignty
- not necessarily recognised by international community
erosion of sovereignty
- international law and human rights- abuse and torture
- global economy- influence of global markets
- communications- “small world”, influence of media
- IGOs- UN and EU
- international action and humanitarian intervention- Gaza vs Israel
importance of sovereignty
- territory and border control,
- recognition of borders
- diplomacy- embassies are considered territory of home country
- reliance on states to get things done like US interventions in Iraq and Afghanistan
- weakness of international law
- electorate decide on government so they should govern
define globalisation
- widening and deepening of a complex web of interconnectedness
- created an integrated global village
what is economic globalisation and evidence
- development of TNCs like Apple and Google create global markets
- global division of labour as high technology is manufactured in wealthier nations
- FDI means more economies are interconnected
- seen with global financial crisis and Truss premiership
- IGO like WTO to promote free trade
- growth of illegal market place- $1 trillion a year
- increasing link between developed and developing countries- belt and road initiative
what is cultural globalisation and evidence
- homogenised by global brands- “coca-colonisation” or McWorld
- monoculture
- growth of migration and movement of people- 41% increase in migration in last 15 years
- tourism
- americanisation or westernisation as more countries adopt western styles
- also hybridisation as difference cultures blend
- English is central language of the world
- better communication networks- more interconnected through news, CNN broadcast in over 130 countries
- time/space compression
what is political globalisation and evidence
- spread of democracy
- growing international institutions and Bretton Woods system to regulate trade and stabilise exchange rates
- international agreements like paris climate agreement
- more widely adopted norms like human rights and women’s rights
define intergovernmetnalism
common institutions facilitate decisions by member states but states remain in control
define supranationalism
common institutions are created and have independent decision making abilities
