Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Politics > socialism > Flashcards

socialism Flashcards

1
Q

define collectivism

A

collaboration amongst humans allows for greater practical value to the economy and society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

define fraternity

A

humans bound together through having a common goal, despite differences like class between them

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

features of collectivism

A
  • fraternity
  • people are to self sufficient and are only understood in collaboration with society
  • interests if the group should take priority over self interest
  • membership of a community offers fulfilment and true freedom
  • states can interfere in terms of nationalisation to allow for fair distribution of resources
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

define common humanity and features of it

A

nature of humans as social creatures who prefer cooperation and rationality
- humans can form connections and harness capabilities of the whole group
- capitalism puts people against each other, and promotes aggressiveness and selfishness
- humans are driven by a desire to contribute to the betterment of society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

features of equality in socialism

A
  • economic inequality is due to structural inequalities in capitalism
  • egalitarianism is a theory designed to remove inequalities and ensure everyone has a fair chance in life
  • reinforces collectivism and cooperation
  • satisfy basic human needs by giving people the necessities to survive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

define common ownership

A

means of production are owned commonly so everyone benefits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

different types of equality

A

equalities of outcome- rewards should be based on individuals contribution
absolute equality- everyone will review the same rewards, providing they make a contribution to society
equality of opportunity- everyone should have an equal chance to make the best of their abilities
equality of welfare- society is inevitably unequal but everyone is entitled to a minimum standard of living

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

features of social class in socialism

A
  • conflict between social class is the driving force behind change in socaity
  • connection between socialism and working class politics has weakened due to deindustrialisation and rise of post industrial sectors
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

features of workers control in socialism

A
  • complete or partial ownership of an economic enterprise by those employed
  • real decision making powers for workers
  • promotes collective effort and teamwork
  • dilute capitalism
  • avoid alienation in the workplace
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

marxist view on equality

A

absolute equality and equality of outcome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

marxist view in the state

A
  • controlled distribution of goods and services
  • common ownership
  • argues the state is ruled by bourgeoisie who use institutions to maintain their dominance
  • leads of proletarian revolution and state will wither away into a classless society
  • conflict is inevitable between bourgeoisie and proletariat- divides into haves and have nots
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

social democratic view on equality

A

equality of opportunity and equality of welfare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

social democracts view on state

A
  • limited state intervention to achieve relative equality via welfare measures
  • aim to remove absolute poverty and only a certain level of inequality can be tolerated
  • state does not own or control anything but instead adjusts distribution
  • reform instead of remove capitalism as it is needed for human motivation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

third way view of equality

A

equality of opportunity and equality of welfare

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

third way view on state

A
  • rejects top down state intervention
  • promotes social inclusion and a meritocratic social system
  • welfare should target socially marganised groups, especially those who will be self reliant and work if given help
    -focus on social investment in infrastructure adn education
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

socialist shared view

A
  • humans are social creatures who are cooperative and rational
  • state is needed in some way to achieve socialism
  • society should be cooperative and unified
    -some state intervention is needed to plan economic affairs
  • class explains divide in society
17
Q

marxist view on society

A
  • eventually lead to a classless society
  • historical materialism- everything is based on the economy, including structure of society
  • inevitable conflict between ruling class and working people
18
Q

marxist view on economy

A
  • replace capitalism through dialectic change- change through capitalism to communism
  • production for human need
  • common ownership
19
Q

social democrats view on society

A
  • conccensus and harmonious society
  • class differences can be reduced through peaceful improvements like welfare and redistribution
  • industrialisation and rise in service industry has meant more people identify as middle class
20
Q

social democrats view on economy

A
  • keynesian economy- mixed
21
Q

third way view on society

A
  • value community and social responsibility
  • class is no longer existent
22
Q

third way view on economy

A
  • free market capitalism is the most efficient system of production and rejects state intervention in economy
  • competition helps to develop national workforces skills
23
Q

marx and engels ideas

A
  • historical materialism
  • dialectic change
  • class consciousness needed for oppressed to overthrow their oppressors
  • see humans as social, rational and cooperative
  • capitalism means humans cannot realise their own potential
  • communist society- abolish private property and class differences
  • allow for work that is fulfilling g and enable free creative production
24
Q

webb ideas

A
  • “inevitability of gradualness”- peaceful reforms
  • rejected class struggles
  • opposed workers control
  • average person is limited, selfish and uninformed
  • preferred representative democracy with skilled governing class
  • expansion of state to deliver socialism- collectivism provided utilities
  • state would expand as more areas of life would need to be regulated
  • central state action- planning nations production, distribution and exchange
25
Q

luxemburg ideas

A
  • cannot be gradual reform
  • proletariat had to achieve a revolutionary conquest of political power
  • any evolutionary strategy would leave economic exploitation intact
  • struggle by proletariat was essential for class-consciousness
  • rejected small, centralised party- “dividing wall” created between leaders and mass membership
  • successful and unsuccessful strikes, which will lead to a mass strike to bring about socialism
26
Q

crossland ideas

A
  • modern capitalism lacks internal tensions to drive social change
  • aim to manage capitalism to deliver greater social equality
  • economic efficiency- no clear relationship between individuals status and importance of their economic function
  • more communitarian society as inequalities created resentments
  • need for social justice- “democratic equality”
  • against meritocracy as it is due to nature and nurture
  • high levels of government spending on welfare and redistribution of wealth
  • keynesian economy
  • development of secondary and higher education
27
Q

gidden ideas

A
  • rejection of state intervention- only in social investment like education otherwise it encourages dependency
  • free market- efficient and encourages individual responsibility
  • equality of opportunity
  • community- social cohesion, shared values
  • declining importance of hierarchy and class conflict
  • social contract- government invests in service and people are economically active

Politics (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions