global governance: political and economic Flashcards
1
Q
what is the UN
A
- only IGO where all world states can be members
- there are currently 193 member states
- meet and deal with issues like the environment, conflicts, human rights, poverty
2
Q
origin and development of the UN
A
- established by 51 countries in October 1945 after WW2 and collapse of league of nations
- all members agree to 1945 charter
- after the cold war the UN has had to tackle new global security issues
3
Q
what is in the 1945 UN charter
A
1 maintain peace and security
2 maintain friendly relations among states
3 achieve international cooperation in solving international problems
4 centre for harmonising actions of nations for common ends
4
Q
new global security issues of UN after cold war
A
- missions to maintain peace after civil war like implementing complex peace agreements
- political, economic and social conditions within states- Yemen, Somalia
- threats of terrorise and proliferations of arms and WOMD- UN office of counterterrorism
- environmental degradation of nuclear proliferation
5
Q
strengths of UN as a whole
A
- global consensus
- helps to maintain peace
- build global relations
- “ responsibility to protect”
6
Q
weaknesses of UN as a whole
A
- too big of an expectation to police 193 states
- despite having situations centres, it is hard to actually know what is going on in the world
- rotating presidency/ leaders makes it hard for there to be continuity
- sovereignty
- western led
- principle of non interference- Colonel Gaffadi assassinated by NATO allied
- thin spread of peace keepers- 18 operations of peacekeeping including Sudan
- limited nature of peacekeeping - only when conflict is revolved
- abstentions- Russia and China against Darfur
7
Q
UN main organs
A
- the general assembly
- security council
- ICJ
- secretariat
- economic and social council
- trusteeship council ( suspended in 1944 after independence of last UN trust territory)
8
Q
what is the UN general assembly
A
- all 193 member states
- each with one vote
- decisions not binding on UN members
- major decisions like peace and security require 2/3 majority
- UNICEF, WFP, UNAIDS
9
Q
strengths of UN general assembly
A
- global forum for all countries
- equal representation on world stage
- “jaw jaw is better than war war” Churchill
10
Q
weaknesses of UN general assembly
A
- little power
- represents interests of states and not people
- equal power to democracies and dictators
11
Q
what is the UN security council
A
- 15 members
- P5 permanent members- France, UK, USA, China, Russia who have. ego powers
- 10 non permanent members elected for a two year term by general assembly
- decisions binding on all members
- maintain peace and security
- can authorise military action and economic sanctions- Iraq in 1990
12
Q
strengths of security council
A
- represents realities of world power (great and super powers)
- powerful force
- upholds peace and security. intervention in Sierra Leone 1999
- absence of global war since 1945
13
Q
weaknesses of security council
A
- difficult to have a collective decisions due to clashes of interests with P5 ( difference in allies within Syrian conflict)
- represents world order of 1945 and no longer reflected to now
- lack of permanent members in other continents
14
Q
what is the international court of justice
A
- deals with legal disputes between states- sovereignty of temple of Preah Vihear between Thailand and Cambodia, which was given to Cambodia
- 15 judges elected for 9 year terms
15
Q
what is the international criminal court
A
deals with individuals who commit war crimes, like Netanyahu’s warrant for arrest
