The Skeletal System - Joints

Question 1

Define the term Joint

Answer 1

A joint is where two or more bones meet (1).

Question 2

Name the 3 types of joint in the human body

Answer 2

Fixed
Slightly moveable
Synovial (freely moveable)

Question 3

Name 2 locations of fixed joints in the body

Answer 3

Cranium

Pelvis

Question 4

Give an example of a slightly moveable joint

Answer 4

Found in the vertebral column between each vertebrae

Question 5

Name the six types of synovial joint

Answer 5

Pivot
Condyloid
Saddle
Gliding
Ball and socket
Hinge

Question 6

Give an example of a pivot joint

Answer 6

The atlas (C1) and axis (C2) vertebrae in the neck

Question 7

Give an example of a condyloid joint

Answer 7

The wrist (where the carpals meet the radius)

Question 8

Give an example of a saddle joint

Answer 8

At the base of the thumb

Question 9

Give an example of a gliding joint

Answer 9

The clavicle and scapula

Question 10

Give an example of a ball and socket joint

Answer 10

The Hip (Femur and Pelvis) and the Shoulder (Humerus and Scapula)

Question 11

Give an example of a hinge joint

Answer 11

Knee or Elbow

Question 12

What are the two joint movements that take place at a hinge joint?

Answer 12

Flexion

Extension

Question 13

What are the movements that take place at a ball and socket joint?

Answer 13

Flexion
Extension
Rotation
Abduction 
Adduction

Question 14

Define flexion

Answer 14

Decreasing the angle at a joint

e.g. bending at a hinge joint or moving a limb forwards at a ball and socket.

Question 15

Define extension

Answer 15

Increasing the angle at a joint

e.g. straightening at a hinge joint or moving a limb backwards at a ball and socket.

Question 16

Define rotation

Answer 16

A turning or twisting movement around an axis.

Question 17

Define abduction

Answer 17

Moving a limb away from the midline of the body

Question 18

Define adduction

Answer 18

Moving a limb towards the midline of the body

Question 19

Give an example of flexion at the shoulder

Answer 19

A cricketer moving their arms forward to take an underarm catch

Question 20

Give an example of flexion at the knee

Answer 20

A basketbal player bending thier knees to prepare to jump for a rebound

Question 21

Give an example of extension at the hip

Answer 21

A footballer moving their leg backwards to perform a ‘back heel’ in football

Question 22

Give an example of extension at the elbow

Answer 22

A javelin thrower pulling their throwing arm through to straight during the release

Question 23

Give an example of rotation

Answer 23

A tennis player turning their arm over during the contact of a forehand drive when trying to apply topspin

Question 24

Give an example of abduction

Answer 24

A rounders player reaching out to their side to make a catch

Question 25

Give an example of adduction

Answer 25

A cross fit performer moving their arms back towards their body on the second phase of a star jump

Question 26

What is the name of the fluid that lubricates the joint?

Answer 26

Synovial fluid

Question 27

What is the tough covering found at the end of bones?

Answer 27

Articulating cartilage

Question 28

What tissue connects bones to bones?

Answer 28

Ligaments

Question 29

What do ligaments do?

Answer 29

Connect bones to bones

Question 30

What is the tissue that connects muscle to bones?

Answer 30

Tendons

Question 31

What do tendons do?

Answer 31

Connect muscles to bones

Question 32

What produces synovial fluid and hold the fluid in place?

Answer 32

Synovial membrane