Effects of Exercise - Short term Flashcards
Identify 7 short-term effects of exercise
- Breathing rate increases
- Heart Rate/ Stroke volume/ Cardiac Output increases
- Blood pressure increases
- Body temperature increases
- Hydration levels decrease due sweating
- Muscles begin to fatigue
- Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness (DOMS)
What does DOMS stand for?
Delayed Onset of Muscle Soreness
Why does breathing rate increase during exercise?
More oxygen diffuses into the blood so it can be delivered to the working muscles due to the increased demand.
Why does Heart rate/ Cardiac Output increase during exercise?
More blood needs to be pumped to the working muscles due to the increased activity and demand for oxygen.
Whys does stroke volume increase during exercise?
More blood needs to be pumped to the working muscles due to the increased activity and demand for oxygen. More blood is returning to the heart more quickly due to vascular shut.
Why do hydration levels decrease during exercise?
We sweat to cool ourselves down. This decreases water levels in our body.
Why do muscles begin to fatigue during exercise?
Muscles can tire when they use up the energy source they need to keep on working (Glucose).
Lactic acid also forms during anaerobic exercise, which increases muscle fatigue.
How does an increase in breathing rate impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
An individual can work for longer without tiring.
How does an increase in heart rate/ stroke volume and cardiac output impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
An individual can exercise for longer without tiring.
How does an increase in blood pressure impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
The muscles can work for longer without tiring.
Why does blood pressure increase during exercise?
The heart is beating faster and more forcefully (higher stroke volume) to deliver more blood to the working muscles; this increases the pressure inside the blood vessels.
Why does body temperature increase during exercise?
Muscle cells burn fuel (glucose and fat) to create energy; heat is produced during this process.
How does an increase in body temperature impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
High body temperature can decrease performance. To prevent this blood vessels near the surface of the skin dilate and heat is lost to the environment. We also lose heat when sweating.
How does an decrease in hydration levels impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
If the water is not replace the athlete can overheat which will decrease performance. The blood also becomes thicker (more viscous) as fluid is lost from the body which means the heart has to work harder to push the blood around the cardiovascular system.
How does fatigue impact on performance in health and fitness activities?
The athlete will not be able to maintain their current level of performance or they will have to stop.
