The Respiratory System Function

Question 1

What does Inspiration mean?

Answer 1

Breathing in

Question 2

What is another word for Inspiration?

Answer 2

Inhalation

Question 3

What does Expiration mean?

Answer 3

Breathing out

Question 4

What is another word for Expiration?

Answer 4

Exhalation

Question 5

What do the Diaphragm and Intercostal muscles do during inspiration?

Answer 5

Contract

Question 6

What do the Diaphragm and Intercostal muscles do during expiration?

Answer 6

Relax

Question 7

What does the contraction of the Diaphragm and Intercostal muscles during inhalation cause?

Answer 7

The ribs move up and out causing the thoracic cavity to get bigger

Question 8

What happens to the pressure inside the lungs when the thoracic cavity gets bigger?

Answer 8

It decreases

Question 9

What is the result of pressure decreasing inside the lungs?

Answer 9

Air gets sucked in (result of air moving down the concentration gradient) Gases move from an area of high pressure to low pressure.

Question 10

What does the relaxing of the Diaphragm and Intercostal muscles during expiration cause?

Answer 10

The ribs move down and in causing the thoracic cavity to get smaller

Question 11

What happens to the pressure inside the lungs when the thoracic cavity gets smaller?

Answer 11

It increases

Question 12

What is the result of pressure increasing inside the lungs?

Answer 12

Air gets pushed out (result of air moving down the concentration gradient) Gases move from an area of high pressure to low pressure.

Question 13

What is Gaseous Exchange?

Answer 13

Gas exchange is the delivery of oxygen from the lungs to the bloodstream, and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the bloodstream to the lungs.

Question 14

What is diffusion?

Answer 14

The movement of substances from a high concentration to a low concentration.

Question 15

Where does internal respiration take place?

Answer 15

In the muscles (CO2 is passed from the muscle cell to the blood and oxygen from the blood to the muscle cell)

Question 16

Where does external respiration take place?

Answer 16

In the lungs between the alveoli and the capillary (CO2 is passed from the blood to the alveoli and oxygen is passed from the alveoli to the capillary)

Question 17

Identify and explain 3 features of the alveoli that assist gas exchange

Answer 17

• They are moist; which allows gases to be absorbed more quickly
• They have a large surface area; which means more lots of gases can be exchanged quickly
• They are surrounded by lots of capillaries; this which means lots of gases can be exchanged quickly
• There is a short diffusion pathway which means gases do not have to travel far during the process
• They have very thin walls (one cell thick); which means there is a short diffusion distance.