The Skeletal system and The Muscular system Flashcards
How many bones are in the adult human skeleton?
206
What are the two types of tissues in bones?
The outer layer is made up of really strong and hard tissue, which makes the bones rigid.
The inner layer is made from more spongy tissue, but it is still strong.
What are the four main functions of the skeletal system?
Protection
Support
Production of Blood Cells
Movement
How does the skeletal system protect?
Bone is rigid and tough so it can protect delicate organs, like the brain.
How does the skeletal system support
The skeleton provides a rigid frame for the rest of the body to hang off.
All the soft tissue is supported by the skeleton, allowing us to stand up.
How does the skeletal system produce blood cells?
Many bones have a soft tissue called bone marrow in their middle. Bone marrow produces both red and white blood cells, which carry oxygen around our body and protect us from infection respectively.
How does the skeletal system allow movement?
Muscles are attacked to bones, and the action of muscles allow the skeleton to move. Joints also allow the skeleton to move.
How many muscles is the muscular system made out of?
Around 260.
What do tendons do?
Tendons attach your muscles to your bones. When a muscle contracts, it applies a force to the bone it’s attacked to, so the bone moves.
Where are muscles found?
In pairs around a joint.
What are antagonistic muscles and how do they work?
Pairs of muscles that work against each other. One muscle contracts, shortens, while the other relaxes, lengthens, and visa versa. They are attacked to bones with tendons. This allows them to pull on the bone, which then acts like a lever. One muscle pulls the bone one way while the other pulls it in the opposite direction - causing movement at the joint.
Give an example of an antagonistic muscle.
The biceps and triceps muscles in the arm.
The biceps contracts while the triceps relax, causing the arm to bend, and the triceps contract while the biceps relax to cause the arm to straighten.
What is a pivot?
A point around which a rotation happens.
What is a lever?
A bar attacked to a pivot.
What is a moment?
When a force acts on something that has a pivot - ‘turning affect’.
