Reproduction and Pregnancy

Question 1

What are the parts of the male reproductive system?

Answer 1

• Tube from bladder
• Glands / seminal vesticle
• Sperm duct / vas deferens
• Urethra
• Erectile Tissue
• Head of penis
• Foreskin (may be removed)
• Testis
• Scrotal sac (scrotum)

Question 2

What is sperm?

Answer 2

Sperm is the male sex cell, or gamete, made in the testes after puberty

Question 3

What does sperm make with during sexual intercourse?

Answer 3

Sperm mix with a liquid to make semen, which is ejaculated from the penis during sexual intercourse

Question 4

What are the parts of the female reproductive system?

Answer 4

• Fallopian Tube (oviduct)
• Cervix
• Vagina
• Womb (uterus)
• Ovary

Question 5

What is an egg/ovum?

Answer 5

An egg is the female sex cell, or gamete, made in the ovary and released every 28 days

Question 6

What happens after the egg is released from the ovary?

Answer 6

It passes into the oviduct where it may meet sperm, which has entered the vagina during sexual intercourse (copulation).

Question 7

What happens if the egg isn’t fertilised?

Answer 7

The egg will die after about a day and pass out of the vagina.

Question 8

What are the two types of reproduction?

Answer 8

Asexual and sexual reproduction.

Question 9

What is asexual reproduction?

Answer 9

Asexual reproduction involves only one parent. The offspring have identical genes to the parent - a clone.

Question 10

What is sexual reproduction?

Answer 10

Sexual reproduction involves the fusion of male and female gametes. Because there are two parents, the offspring contains a mixture of their parents’ genes.

Question 11

What is puberty?

Answer 11

Puberty is the process of a person as they approach sexual maturity and becomes capable of reproduction

Question 12

What are some changes for women in puberty?

Answer 12

• Extra hair on underarms and pubic area
• Hips to widen
• Development of breasts
• Ovum (egg) release and start of periods

Question 13

What are some changes for men in puberty?

Answer 13

• Extra hair on face and body
• Muscles to develop
• Penis and testicles to enlarge
• Sperm production
• Deepening of voice

Question 14

What is adolescence?

Answer 14

It is the phase of life between childhood and adulthood.

Question 15

What are the stages of human development in order?

Answer 15

1) Fertilised egg
2) Embryo
3) Foetus
4) Newborn baby
5) Toddler
6) Child
7) Adolescent
8) Adult
9) Elderly
10) Death

Question 16

What happens on the 1st day of the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 16

Bleeding starts as the lining of the uterus (womb) breaks down and passes out of the vagina - this is “having a period”.

Question 17

What happens on the 4th day of the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 17

The lining of the uterus starts to build up again. It thickens into a spongy layer full of blood vessels ready for implantation.

Question 18

What happens on the 14th day of the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 18

An egg is released from the ovaries of the female, so this is the most likely time in which a female may become pregnant.

Question 19

What happens on the 28th day of the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 19

The wall remains thick awaiting the arrival of a fertilised egg. If this doesn’t happen, this lining breaks down. Then the whole cycle repeats.

Question 20

What is the Menstrual Cycle?

Answer 20

From the age of puberty, females undergo a monthly sequence of events which is known as the Menstrual Cycle.

Question 21

What does the Menstrual Cycle involve?

Answer 21

This involves the body preparing for the uterus in case it receives a fertilised egg.

Question 22

What happens if the egg is not fertilised?

Answer 22

If this doesn’t happen, the egg and uterus lining break down and are lost from the body through the vagina over a period of three to four days, usually.

Question 23

What is ovulation?

Answer 23

An egg is released from an ovary, around 14.

Question 24

What is copulation?

Answer 24

Millions of sperm are released from the penis into the vagina during intercourse.

Question 25

What is fertilisation?

Answer 25

The egg is fertilised when the nuclei of the egg and sperm join; the fertilised egg is now called a zygote.

Question 26

What is cell division?

Answer 26

24 hours after fertilisation, the fertilised egg divides into two. After 4 days the egg has divided into 32 cells; it’s now called an embryo.

Question 27

What is implantation?

Answer 27

About a week after fertilisation, the embryo starts to embed itself into the wall of the uterus and the placenta begins to develop.

Question 28

What happens after 1 month during development?

Answer 28

The embryo is 6mm long and has a brain, heart, eyes, ears, and legs.

Question 29

What happens after 9 weeks during development?

Answer 29

The body is about 25mm long and is completely formed, now it’s called a foetus.

Question 30

What happens after 3 months during development?

Answer 30

The foetus is 54 mm long and looks much more like a baby.

Question 31

What happens after 5 months during development?

Answer 31

The foetus is around 160mm long. It kicks and its finger nails can be felt.

Question 32

What happens after 7 months during development?

Answer 32

The foetus is 370mm long and is ‘viable’, it would have a fair chance of surviving if it were born at this stage.

Question 33

What happens after 39 weeks during development?

Answer 33

The baby is about 520mm long; it’s fully developed and ready to be born.

Question 34

What does the placenta do?

Answer 34

The placenta lets the blood of the foetus and mother get very close to allow the exchange of food, oxygen, and wastes.

Question 35

What does the amniotic fluid do?

Answer 35

The amniotic fluid gives protection to the baby against knocks and bumps.

Question 36

What does the umbilical cord do?

Answer 36

The umbilical cord is a tube that connects you to your baby during pregnancy. It connects your baby to the placenta.