Living things and their environment Flashcards
What is ecology?
Ecology is the study of the interaction between organisms and their environment.
What is habitat?
Habitat is the place where an organism lives.
What is population?
Population is all the members of a single species that live in a habitat.
What is community?
Community is all the populations of different organisms that live together in a habitat.
What is an ecosystem?
An ecosystem is a community of animals, plants, micro-organisms, non-living things and their shared environment.
What are some abiotic factors?
- Light Intensity
- Temperature
- Soil pH
- Soil Moisture
What are some biotic factors?
- Disease
- Food availability
- Grazing
- Predation
What are adaptations?
Adaptations are traits that help an organism survive in its environment.
What can cause changes in population sizes?
Birth, Death, Immigration, and Emigration
What are 4 factors limiting population growth?
Food, Water, Living Space, and Disease
What do feeding relationships show?
Feeding relationships show what organisms eat or are eaten by.
What is a food chain?
A food chain is a list of organisms in a habitat that shows their feeding relationships.
What is a food web?
A food web is a network of interconnected food chains.
What are the organisms in trophic levels?
Producer, Primary Consumer, Secondary Consumer, Tertiary Consumer
What is the primary source of energy for green plants, and how do animals obtain their energy?
Green plants get their energy from photosynthesis and animals get their energy from respiration.
What is respiration?
Respiration is the process of releasing energy from glucose; it’s the opposite of photosynthesis.
What is the energy released from respiration used for?
It is used for all the chemical reactions that keep you alive.
What are the 2 types of respiration?
Anaerobic and Aerobic Respiration
What is the word equation for aerobic respiration?
Aerobic respiration needs plenty of oxygen.
glucose + oxygen ==> carbon dioxide + water (+ energy)
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in humans?
Anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen but is different in different organisms. In humans:
glucose ==> lactic acid (+ energy)
What is the word equation for anaerobic respiration in micro-organisms?
Anaerobic respiration takes place without oxygen but is different in different organisms. In micro-organisms like yeast:
glucose ==> carbon dioxide + ethanol (+ energy)
What is fermentation?
When anaerobic respiration produces ethanol, it’s called fermentation. Fermentation is the process used to make beer.
How does fermentation in yeast have a significant importance in human society?
- it’s crucial in bread making.
- it’s at the heart of alcohol production.
- it helps reduce waste and provides a more sustainable alternative to fossil fuels.
- it’s used to produce insulin and other pharmaceuticals.
