The Shoulder joint

Question 1

What is the scapulohumeral rhythm ?

Answer 1

the pattern of muscle contractions and motion that occurs between scapula and humerus

Required for a pin free and powerful shoulder function

Question 2

What is the minimal shoulder girdle movement?

Answer 2

30 degree arm abduction

60 degree arm flexion

Question 3

Define enarthrodial

Answer 3

a freely moving joint in which a sphere on the head of one bone fits into a rounded cavity in the other bone

Question 4

Name the bony landmarks of the humerus

Answer 4

Head, neck, greater tubercle, lesser tubercle, inter tubercular groove, deltoid tuberosity

Question 5

What is the function of the glenoid labrum?

Answer 5

It is a layer of fibrocartilage which lines the rim, increasing stability of the joint

Question 6

What is the joint capsule?

Answer 6

Sleeve like fibrous attachment that attaches around the glenoid fossa and the anatomical neck of the humerus

Question 7

Describe the superior, middle and inferior genohumeral ligaments

Answer 7

Continuous with the anterior capsule
Z shaped orientation
Provides additional strength and security but qui

Question 8

Describe the transverse humeral ligament

Answer 8

from greater tubercle across intertuberclar groove to lesser tubercle
Holds the biceps tendon within the inter tubercular groove

Question 9

Name the shoulder joint muscles

Answer 9

Rotator cuff muscles 
deltoid 
pectorals major 
latissimus dorsi 
terms major 
coracobradchialis

Question 10

name the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 10

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis

Question 11

What are the functions of the rotator cuff muscles

Answer 11

rotate humerus
stabilise humeral head in glenoid fossa and counteracts weight of arm
require adequate strength and endurance in repetitive overhead activities

Question 12

Function of the coacobrachias muscle

Answer 12

flexion, adduction and horizontal adduction of the GH joint

Question 13

Common injuries of the shoulder joint

Answer 13

Impingement syndrome
frozen shoulder
dislocations and subluxations

Question 14

what is impingement syndrome

Answer 14

repetitive overhead activities; possible strength imbalance between rotator cuff and other muscle groups
Humeral head impinge bursa and supraspinatus tendon against coraomacrominal arch
Low grade receptive damage ma cause irritation, inflammation and in some cases bone spur

Question 15

What is frozen shoulder

Answer 15

Joint capsule sticks together causing adhesions

Drastic loss of mobility

Question 16

shoulder dislocation

Answer 16

head of humerus comes out of glenoid fossa

Question 17

name the stabilising factors of the shoulder joint

Answer 17

glenoid labrum 
joint capsule 
rotator cuff muscles 
coracoacrominal arch 
ligaments surrounding the joint