The shoulder girdle

Question 1

How many joints does the shoulder girdle consist of?

Answer 1

4

Question 2

Name the joints which the shoulder girdle consists of

Answer 2

Sternoclavicular
Acromioclavicular
Coracoclavicular
Scapulothoracic

Question 3

Over which ribs does the scapula overlap?

Answer 3

2-7

Question 4

Which rib is the spine of the scapula in line with?

Answer 4

3 at medial border

Question 5

What is the acromion process?

Answer 5

Large bony projection on the superior end of the scapula

Important landmark and a muscle attachment point

Forms the acromioclavicular joint with the clavicle

Question 6

What is the coracoid process?

Answer 6

Projects upward and forward above the glenoid fossa.

Provides attachment for the coracoclavicular ligament as well as the short head of the biceps

Question 7

What is the glenoid fossa?

Answer 7

A shallow depression into which the humerus fits to form a joint

Question 8

Describe the clavicle of shoulder girdle

Answer 8

Slightly S shaped long bone
2 articulating ends
Medial end convex ni anterior direction
Transmits forces from upper limbs to trunk

Question 9

Describe the sternum of the shoulder girdle

Answer 9

Elongated flat bone composed of manubrium body and xipohi processes
Forms midline of anterior chest wall
Runs from root of neck to abdominal wall

Question 10

Name the main bones of the shoulder girdle

Answer 10

Clavicle
Sternum
Scapula

Question 11

Describe the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 11

Only point of bony connection between shoulder girdle, upper limb and trunk 
Diarthrodial joint (gliding)
Surrounded by joint capsule 
Passive movements as result of active scapula movements in a direction opposite that of the scapula

Question 12

What is the role of the anterior and posterior sternoclavical ligaments ?

Answer 12

Prevent lateral separation

Question 13

What is the role of the interclavicular ligament?

Answer 13

Joins medial ends of both clavicles

Question 14

What is the role of the costoclavicular ligament?

Answer 14

Joints inferior border of clavicle to superior border of the first rib

Question 15

Name the ligaments of the sternoclavicular joint

Answer 15

Anterior ligament
Posterior ligament
Inerclavicular ligament
Costoclavicular ligament

Question 16

Describe the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 16

Articulation between lateral end of clavicle and acromion process

Question 17

Ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 17

Superior and inferior acromioclavicular ligaments - provide stability

Coraclavicular ligament from lateral end of clavicle to coracoid process

Coracoacromial ligament

Question 18

Name the parts of the coraclavicular joint

Answer 18

Syndemosis joint
Coracoid process to clavicle
Coracoclavicular ligament

Question 19

Describe the scapulothoracic joint

Answer 19

Not a true synovial joint as does not involve articulate between 2 bones

Question 20

Which skeleton to the muscles and movements of the shoulder girdle originate on?

Answer 20

Axial skeleton
Insert on scapula and or clavicle
Do not attach to humerus

Question 21

Name the muscles of the shoulder girdle

Answer 21

Trapezius
levator scapulae 
Rhomboids 
Serratus anterior 
Pectoralis minor 
Subclavius

Question 22

Why are the muscles of the shoulder girdle essential?

Answer 22

Essential for dynamic stability of the scapula, acts as base of support for shoulder joint such as throwing

Question 23

Name the movements of the shoulder girdle

Answer 23

Elevation 
Depression 
Protraction 
Retraction 
Upward roation 
Downward rotation

Question 24

Name the different parts of the trapezius

Answer 24

Upper fibres
Middle fibres
Lower fibres

Question 25

Name the 2 rhomboid muscles

Answer 25

Rhomboid minor (above)
Rhomboid major (below)