The Respiratory System II Flashcards
(60 cards)
Each lung is surrounded by its own _____ and connected to the mediastinum by vascular
and bronchial attachments called the _____.
pleural cavity; lung root
The parietal pleura covers the thoracic wall, superior face of the diaphragm, and continues
_____, forming the boundary of the _____.
around the heart between the
lungs; mediastinum
Blood vessels, bronchi, nerves, and lymphatic vessels enter the lungs at the _____, which
is found on the _____ surface.
hilus; medial or mediastinal
There are two circulations that serve the lungs: the _____ and _____.
pulmonary network; bronchial
arteries
The pulmonary network carries _____.
blood to the lungs for
oxygenation
The bronchial arteries provide _____.
oxygenated blood to the
trachea and bronchi
The lungs have two lymphatic supplies: the superficial lymphatic vessels drain lymph from
_____.
the outer lung and the pleura
The lungs have two lymphatic supplies: the deep lymphatic vessels drain lymph from the
_____.
bronchi and from the lungs’
connective tissues
In the alveoli, lymphatic vessels are _____.
absent OR not found
The lungs are innervated by _____ motor fibers that constrict or dilate the airways, as well
as sensory fibers.
autonomic
_____ means, quite simply, breathing. _____ means to breathe in, while _____ refers to
breathing out.
Pulmonary ventilation;
Inspiration; expiration
. _____ is the process of gas exchange between the blood and the lungs.
External respiration
_____ is the process of gas exchange between the fluids of the body and the cells.
Internal respiration
_____ is the process by which cells produce ATP, producing water and carbon dioxide as
wastes and using oxygen as an electron acceptor.
Cellular respiration
For a gas, changing the pressure results in a change in volume such that the product of
the pressure and volume is unchanged: PinitialVinitial = PfinalVfinal. (Thus, if you increase
pressure, volume will _____.) This is known as _____.
decrease; Boyle’s Law
When the volume of the lungs is increased, the _____ inside the lungs will decrease until
‘pressure times volume’ returns to its original value. (This is an application of _____.)
pressure; Boyle’s Law
Gas molecules are very far apart, and gas pressure is simply due to the _____ and _____
of gas molecules hitting a surface at a given instant.
number; velocity
The gas pressure due to a single component of a mixture is the _____ of that component;
the total pressure in the system is the sum for all components. Example: in an equal
mixture of oxygen and nitrogen, pressure due to each is 1/2 of the total.
partial pressure
The fact that the total pressure in a system composed of several gases is the sum of the
pressures due to each individual gas is called _____.
Dalton’s Law
The greater the number of gas particles that are hitting the surface of a liquid, the greater
the _____. This is known as _____.
diffusion of the gas into the
liquid; Henry’s Law
Air (or any gas) will flow from a region of _____ to a region of _____.
high pressure; low pressure
Three factors influence the amount of gas which will dissolve in a liquid: _____, _____
and _____.
partial pressure; solubility;
temperature
The greater the difference in partial pressures for a gas across a permeable boundary, the
faster the _____ across it.
diffusion
The greater the surface area of a permeable boundary, the faster the _____ across it.
diffusion
